The visiting card of the Republic of Tatarstan is Kazan. In this city, centuries-old traditions and modern technologies are harmoniously intertwined. Kazan symbolizes the unity of Asia and Europe, East and West. But what do we know about the Tatar outback? What do we know about the province of the republic? For example, where is Zelenodolsk located? What is this city? How do its inhabitants live? In the article we will answer these and other questions related to the geographical location, economy and climatic conditions of the region.
Acquaintance
Zelenodolsk is a relatively young city located in the Republic of Tatarstan. It occupies the territory on the left bank of the Volga. It is separated from Kazan by forty kilometers. The area of the settlement exceeds 3,800 hectares. According to 2006 statistics, there are 99,000 registered people in the city. Where Zelenodolsk is located, a developed transport infrastructure has been formed. The municipality is surrounded by a network of roads and railways.
It received its city status in 2005. During the same period, the territory of the Zelenodolsk municipal district was assigned to it. Climatic conditions had a tremendous influence on the formation of the architectural ensemble of the administrative center. Today, where Zelenodolsk is located, there are two river terraces. They are formed by ravine complexes, lakes, forests and meadow systems. Between these floodplain terraces there is a transition, which is a steep slope. Its height exceeds thirty meters.
The settlement is divided into two main parts. Between them there is a deep ravine. Its bottom is occupied by a railway line connecting Yoshkar-Ola with Kazan. The city plan provides for three zones. There are industrial, recreational and residential. Manufacturing enterprises are located just south of where Zelenodolsk and its residential neighborhoods are located. The city-forming industries are shipbuilding, woodworking, and mechanical engineering.
Transport
Within the city limits there is the Green Dol station of the Gorky Railway, which is key for the transport provision of the Mari El Republic - an electrified line to Volzhsk and a non-electrified line to Yoshkar-Ola - Yaransk depart from it. Also, the Kazan-Moscow and Moscow-Kazan railway connections pass through the Zeleny Dol station. Near the city there is a highway to Yoshkar-Ola and there are road (near the Kazan village of Zaymishche) and railway (Romanovsky) bridges across the Volga (Romanovsky Bridge), near the city there is a ferry crossing, which before the construction of the bridge across the Volga (Zaymishche) was the main highway M7 .
City transport is represented by five bus routes, covering almost all parts of the city, including remote ones. In Soviet times, large LiAZ-677 buses and medium LAZ-695 buses were widespread in the city. In post-Soviet times, the municipal motor transport enterprise of the city of Zelenodolsk PATP reached bankruptcy, and the bulk of transportation began to be carried out by private entrepreneurs in minibuses, represented by small PAZ buses and Gazelle minibuses. Since 2009, large buses (NefAZ) of red color from the Kazan PATP-5 began to serve the city again, and since 2010 - also green in color from the revived ZPATP. Bus routes No. 2 and No. 104 are represented by new large NefAZ buses running on gas fuel and with a lower seating position.
Suburban and intercity buses No. 104 Zelenodolsk-Kazan, No. 403 Zelenodolsk-Volzhsk and others depart from the bus station, which have intermediate stops along the way in the city.
Taxis in the city are represented by several companies. In urban transport there is a system of transport cards (automated fare payment system).
Economy
In the southern part of the municipality, the Federal State Unitary Enterprise “Plant named after Sergo” operates. A few kilometers away, the conveyor lines of the OJSC Zelenodolsk Plant named after Gorky operate. The Volga Region Plywood and Furniture Plant is also located here. In addition to them, sleeper impregnation and plywood factories and a clothing factory operate in the region.
A ring of utility and storage facilities has formed around industrial enterprises. In this part of the city of Zelenodolsk there are car depots, repair shops, and parking lots. The lion's share of warehouses is not heated. They store a supply of food products necessary to ensure the livelihoods of city residents.
In the administrative center itself there are dozens of hairdressing salons, photo workshops, funeral service bureaus, furniture repair shops, household appliances, shoes, clothing, leather and fur products. There are four bath complexes. The northeastern zone of the city of Zelenodolsk is represented by utility companies. The total area of industrial land is about 500 hectares.
Culture
Palaces of culture
• Zelenodolsk Musical Theater • Gorky Center for Culture and Folk Art • Rodina Palace of Culture • Scarlet Sails Children's House of Culture.
Museums
• Zelenodolsk Museum of Folk Art and Ethnography, founded in 1978, opened in 1980. About 7,000 storage units, of which over 6,000 are fixed assets. • Museum of military and labor glory of the Shipyard named after. A. M. Gorky, founded in 1970. About 15,000 storage units. • Memorial Museum of Konstantin Vasiliev, founded in 1994. Opened on January 10, 1996.
Monuments and Monuments
• Two monuments to V. I. Lenin • Monument to V. Kolotov (Soviet football player) • Monument to the children of war (near Lyceum No. 1) • Monument to Admiral D. D. Rogachev • Busts of D. D. Rogachev, A. S. Pushkin (on territories of school No. 4 and lyceum No. 9) • Monument to the Romanov Bridge (fragments) • Monument to participants in the liquidation of the consequences of the explosion at the Chernobyl nuclear power plant • Victory Park with many monuments / monuments (To home front workers. Warriors who died in local wars). The main monument. Avenue of Heroes. • Monument “A Stork Bringing a Child” (near the Maternity Hospital) • Monument “Easter Egg” • Monument “Stone with a Screw” (with the inscription: “It seems to us: youth has no wear, but years roll like stones from a slope”).
The city has a Culture and Recreation Park with attractions called Shurale. The city is rich in public gardens with fountains and various beautiful figures. On many streets there are figures of famous fairy-tale characters. The city fountains have names: “Theatrical”, “Friendship of Peoples”, “Scarlet Sails”, “Peaceful Glade”, a fountain on the City Lake, as well as a fountain with a metal structure of a sailboat near the plant named after. A.M. Gorky. The city lake (the old name is Mochalnoye Lake) and the adjacent park are being reconstructed and improved in 2016 as part of the republican program “2016 is the year of water protection zones.”
Housing stock
The blocks occupy a terrace above the floodplain. In addition to microdistricts, it contains business, shopping and entertainment centers. The central part of the settlement is divided by a rectangular grid of highways. High-rise residential areas predominate here. Private households are concentrated in the northeast. Modern microdistricts occupy approximately 7 hectares, estates are localized on an area of no more than 2 hectares.
Nature of Zelenodolsk and its surroundings
Until 1932, Zelenodolsk was the rural settlement of Zeleny Dol - the same as “green valley”. The natural beauty of the city, captured in its name, has remained unchanged over the decades.
Avangard Park
- Address: Lenin street.
Avangard Park, adjacent to the complex of the same name, is recognized as the most picturesque place in Zelenodolsk. Walking paths are laid through a dense grove of birch and linden trees. The park becomes especially beautiful in the fall, when the golden leaves fall.
On the territory of Avangard there are decorative sculptures, bright flower beds and recreation areas. In the evenings, the garlands stretched between the lanterns are lit, which creates a festive atmosphere. The park overlooks the city lake, where Zelenodolsk residents go ice skating in winter.
City Beach
- GPS coordinates: 55.828421, 48.561887.
The only beach in the city is located on the Volga embankment. The beach, covered with golden sand, is equipped with wooden decking and shade canopies. Like throughout the city, there is a lot of greenery. Trees provide refreshing shade. From the embankment there is a stunning view of the forest expanses of the far bank of the Volga.
Be sure to see the sights of other cities of Tatarstan:
- Kazan, Yelabuga, Sviyazhsk, Bulgar, Almetyevsk,
- Bugulma, Chistopol, Naberezhnye Chelny
Zelenodolsk will be remembered by tourists for its color, impressive history and vibrant entertainment. This is an excellent excursion tourism destination that is suitable for both single travelers and married couples.
Weather
The climate of Zelenodolsk is moderate continental. Summers in the region are warm and winters are moderately cold. The warmest month is July. The average daily temperature during this period is 19.6 °C. In June and August the thermometer stays at 17 °C. Autumn comes into its own in September. The atmosphere is gradually cooling. The temperature reaches 11 °C. In October, the daytime temperature only occasionally drops below 0 °C, and in November the average monthly temperature is -3.7 °C.
Winter in Zelenodolsk (Tatarstan) begins in December. During the day, the average temperature is -8.8 °C. The coldest month is January. During this period, the air cools down to -30 °C. The maximum number of hours of sunshine is observed in June, it is 261. The minimum duration of sunshine is observed in December and is 31 hours. In January, the solar period begins to increase.
Education
General secondary education
There are a total of 17 schools of different types of education. 15,169 students.
• school No. 4 • school No. 7 • school No. 11 with in-depth study of individual subjects • school No. 15 with in-depth study of individual subjects • school No. 16 with in-depth study of individual subjects • school No. 17 • gymnasium No. 3 • gymnasium No. 5 • gymnasium No. 10 with a pedagogical direction - pro-gymnasium; • Lyceum No. 1 • Lyceum No. 9 named after. A. S. Pushkin with in-depth study of individual subjects • Lyceum No. 14 • two correctional schools; • two open shift schools; • interschool educational center with enrollment of 1,500 students;
Secondary vocational education
• Vocational school No. 107 (professions for agriculture) • Medical school (specialties: nurse, paramedic) • College at the Polar Division of the Institute of Economics, Management and Law (specialty: accounting, hotel services) • College at the Polar Division of the Kazan Social-Legal Institute ( specialties: educational psychologist, marketer) • Mechanical College (specialties: VT software, maintenance and repair of vehicles, economics, automation of technological processes) • College at the Polar Division of Kazan State Technical University named after. A.N. Tupolev (former shipbuilding college) (multidisciplinary educational institution trains in 8 areas)
Higher professional education
• Branch of Kazan State University named after. V. I. Ulyanov-Lenin (directions of economics, physics and mathematics, humanitarian profile) The branch is currently closed. • Branch of Kazan State Technical University named after. A. N. Tupolev (directions: mechanical engineering, economics, management, management and computer science) • Branch of the Institute of Economics, Management and Law (specialties: jurisprudence, finance and credit, psychology) • Branch of the Kazan Social and Legal Institute.
Additional education
• Children's music school • Children's art school • Children's art school with an art gallery (two halls) • Children's creativity center with a branch in the Mirny microdistrict
Humidity
The annual precipitation rate is 463 mm. The lion's share is represented by rains that fall in the summer and spring. The rainiest month is July, at which time 65 mm falls. In December, a stable snow cover appears on the streets of Zelenodolsk. Fogs are a common occurrence in October. They also occur in September, November, March and April.
The duration of the frost-free period is 142 days. The soil freezes to almost two meters. The height of the snow crust can reach 4 m. Air masses that come to the city move from the south and southwest. The maximum wind speed is observed in winter. According to research, climate warming has been noted in Zelenodolsk.
Sport
The city has two equipped stadiums - "Avangard" and the stadium named after V. M. Kolotov (former name - "Komsomolets"). FC Zelenodolsk trains at the Avangard stadium. DS "Icebreaker", GAU "SK "MAYAK", SC "Avangard", Wrestling School, Physical Education and Sports Center, Olympic Reserve School (gymnastics), 4 sports schools, many gyms. There is also an Ice Palace with a skating rink and hockey and figure skating sections. In February 2014, the Meteor swimming pool was opened in the Mirny microdistrict in honor of the Meteor river boats, once produced at the Zelenodolsk plant named after. Gorky.
Demographic picture
The population of Zelenodolsk (Tatarstan) is represented mainly by city dwellers, who make up almost 75%. The total number of residents registered in the municipality in 2007 exceeded 99,000. The municipality ranks fifth in the republic in terms of population. The maximum number of citizens was recorded in 2001.
In 2002, the population began to decline, which continues today. The highest birth rate was recorded in 2004 and reached 9.7 ppm. The peak mortality rate occurred in 2003. If we compare the statistics of Zelenodolsk with data from other settlements of Tatarstan, we can conclude that the city has an unfavorable demographic situation. The value of natural increase in the administrative center has a negative value.
Story
The city arose on the site of the Mari village of Porat, part of the Bolsheparatskaya hundred. In 1865, it was mentioned as the village of Kabachishchi (after the name of the plot of arable land of the Parat peasants “Kabachischenskiye Polyany”). Since 1897, the village was called Paratsky Zaton (Paratsk), and since 1928 - the working village of Zeleny Dol. In 1932 it was transformed into the city of Zelenodolsk.
Since the end of the 19th century, the backwater became a place for wintering and repair of river ships, which marked the beginning of the Zelenodolsk shipbuilding plant (now the Zelenodolsk plant named after Gorky).
As a result of the rise in the water level of the Kuibyshev reservoir and the flooding of the coastal zone, during the construction of the Kuibyshev hydroelectric station, the coastline has changed greatly.
Now the largest public-private investment project is beginning to be implemented to create by 2025 within the agglomeration on the territory of 3.64 thousand hectares along the M7 highway between Zelenodolsk and Kazan a new satellite city “Green Dol” with an estimated population of 100 (hereinafter - 157) thousand people, housing stock 4.1 million m², construction cost 140 billion rubles. with predominantly low-rise buildings turning into high-rise buildings from the planned Zelenodolsk microdistrict "Volzhskaya Venice" on alluvial semi-wetlands near Aisha and further through Orekhovka, where the zone of individual cottage construction is already being developed, in the direction to the Kazan village of Zalesny, which makes it possible in the future to annex Zelenodolsk to Kazan.
Social sphere
Industrial enterprises of Zelenodolsk provide income for residents. Most of the townspeople work at machine-building plants. In 2006, there was a significant increase in goods produced by local factories.
During this period, the companies produced consumer goods worth 33,597 rubles per resident of Zelenodolsk. Food products were produced for 3,844 rubles. The increase was sixteen percent. In total, services were provided in the amount of 136 million rubles. In 2007, this figure increased to 159 million.
Historical facts of the city
- 1802 - the emergence of the village of Zeleny Dol on the site of the Mari settlement of Porat;
- 1928 - the settlement becomes the workers' village of Zeleny Dol;
- 1929 – a large bakery was built;
- 1932 – Zeleny Dol receives city status and the name Zelenodolsk.
- 1933 – the first city hospital was opened;
- 1958 - the district of the same name was founded, the center of which became Zelenodolsk.
The population of Zelenodolsk is 99 thousand people. Ethnic composition of the population: Russians 67%, Tatars 29%, others 4%.
Industry
The following enterprises are registered on the territory of Zelenodolsk:
- CJSC "Povolzhsky Plywood and Furniture Plant"
- OJSC Zelenodolsk Dairy Plant.
- JSC "Zelenodolsk Timber Plant"
- LLC "Zelenodolsk Bakery No. 1".
- LLC "Asphalt Concrete Plant"
- Zelenodolsk Machine-Building Plant.
The sphere of transport services and telecommunications is represented by OJSC Zelenodolsk Passenger Motor Transport Enterprise and OJSC Zelenodolsk Freight Motor Transport Enterprise, LLC Intertranstransit, LLC Passengers, LLC Mobile Communication Systems, LLC Tele.
The list of social facilities includes boarding homes for the elderly and lonely, a social protection fund, rehabilitation centers, complexes for providing financial assistance to those in need, shelters and hotels.
Active recreation in Zelenodolsk
Guests of Zelenodolsk are pleased with the large selection of sports entertainment. Active recreation invigorates and energizes for a long time.
Komsomolets Stadium
- Address: st. Lenina, 5.
Since Soviet times, the Komsomolets Stadium has been considered one of the best sports centers in the city. The complex includes two football fields: with grass and artificial turf, a bike path, a roller zone, a volleyball court and rows of stands. "Komsomolets" is located near the forest. Fresh air promotes fruitful exercise.
The main attraction of the stadium is the ancient water tower. The brick skyscraper is equipped with cables with which you can climb to the observation deck. Another interesting object is a bronze sculpture of football player Viktor Kotlov.
The stadium often hosts competitions between city and visiting teams. Also, “yard” teams gather here for amateur competitions.
Stadium and sports complex "Avangard"
- Address: st. Lenina, 56.
The stadium is a park area equipped for holding public events. The stadium infrastructure includes sports fields, bicycle paths, an open stage and walking paths.
Before the recent renovation, the site housed an old football field with wooden fencing. Now in its place stands a multifunctional sports complex, where gyms, indoor playgrounds and sports equipment rentals are open.
In winter, an ice town is built on the square in front of Avangard, and in summer, carousels and trampolines are opened for children.
Ice Palace "Icebreaker"
- Address: ave. Stroiteley, 21.
The Icebreaker arena hosts competitions between Zelenodolsk hockey teams and figure skaters. In free time from training, public skating is organized here, which everyone can attend. The ice palace is open all year round, so even in summer residents and guests of Zelenodolsk can enjoy winter entertainment. The structure of the complex also includes halls for strength training and cycling trials.
Pool "Meteor"
- Address: ave. Builders, 62.
Sports swimming competitions are held at the Meteor sports complex. During free time from training, the pool is open to the public. The complex includes two bowls: for children and adults.
There are also locker rooms, showers, a gym and a buffet. Every week Meteor holds water aerobics classes, which can be attended by appointment.
Sports complex "Mayak"
- Address: st. Rogacheva, 34B.
"Mayak" specializes in various sports. There is a weightlifting hall, a tennis court, a football field, a field hockey field, and a fitness club.
“Mayak” is especially popular in winter, when the ski season starts. The trails are laid through a coniferous forest. Professional cross-country skiing is also held on site. At the same time, children's tubing slides are opening.
Mayak offers rental of sports equipment. In winter, skis and tubing are available here, and in summer, bicycles and skateboards are available.
Main streets of Zelenodolsk
- St. Lenin is the central and long (3 km) street of the city, on which the stadium named after. Kolotov, Victory Park, “Fairy” cinema, district administration and traffic police.
- St. Gogol is a street in the northern part of Zelenodolsk, starting from the western borders of the city and ending near the railway track. On the map of Zelenodolsk with streets and houses on it you can find the Central District Hospital, a library, a Magnit supermarket, a medical school and part of the Ministry of Emergency Situations.
- St. Chapaeva is a short (1 km) street in the south of the city, passing through the private sector.
- St. Stolichnaya is a highway on the eastern outskirts of Zelenodolsk, the continuation of which leads to the rural settlements of Aisha, Uspenka and Safonovo. The Church of St. Andrew the First-Called and the city bus station were built near this street.
- St. Karl Marx , originating from Paratskaya Street and passing mainly through multi-storey residential buildings. The following buildings have signs with its name: the Civil Registry Office, the Sberbank branch, the Zelenodolsk Shipbuilding College and a branch of the Institute of Mechanical Engineering.
- St. Ozernaya is a street in the industrial part of Zelenodolsk, stretching along the railway. Not far from it is the Volga railway station.
- St. Novostroitelnaya is another street in the industrial area of the city, 2 km long.
