Population of Tatarstan and its ethnic composition. Area, economy, capital of the Republic of Tatarstan

The Republic of Tatarstan ranks eighth in terms of population among other subjects and regions of the Russian Federation, behind Moscow and the Moscow region, the Krasnodar Territory, St. Petersburg, the Sverdlovsk and Rostov regions, as well as the Republic of Bashkortostan. The population of Tatarstan is distinguished by its heterogeneous national composition, a fairly high number of urban residents even in comparison with the national average, and positive growth dynamics in the last ten years.

Republic of Tatarstan: area and territories

The area of ​​the Republic of Tatarstan is 67,836 square kilometers. If we consider this area as part of the Russian Federation, then this is less than one percent of the total territory of our country.

Almost the entire republic is located in the zone of plains and steppes; a little more than ninety percent of the territories lie at an altitude of two hundred meters above sea level.

About eighteen percent of the total area of ​​Tatarstan is occupied by forests, with the advantage of deciduous trees. Coniferous forests make up only five percent of the total “green lungs” of Tatarstan. More than four hundred species of different animals live on the plains and forests of the republic.

Zelenodolsk - a city on the Volga

The foundation of Zelenodolsk differs from the emergence of most other cities of Tatarstan in that it was founded not by Russians or Tatars, but by the Mari. Its original name was Porat, then it was replaced by Kabachishchi and Paratsk. In 1928 it received the name Zeleny Dol, and in 1932, in connection with its transformation into a city, Zelenodolsk.

The population of the city is 98.8 thousand people. with an area of ​​37.7 sq. km, and density – 2617.6 people/1 sq. km. Among the nationalities, Russians (67%) and Tatars (29.1%) predominate.

Tatarstan: brief historical background

People have been building settlements on the territory of the modern republic since approximately the eighth century BC. A little later, the state of the Volga Bulgars was formed here. In this territory they constituted the main population.

Tatarstan, or rather its territory, in the fifteenth century went to the Kazan Khanate, which a hundred years later became part of the Moscow state. Only in the twenties of the last century the name of the state was transformed into the Tatar Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic. After the collapse of the Soviet Union, the name “Republic of Tatarstan” appeared in official documents.

Naberezhnye Chelny is a center of mechanical engineering

Speaking about other cities of Tatarstan, one cannot fail to mention Naberezhnye Chelny. The first settlement here was founded by Russians in 1626. Its original name was Chalninsky Pochinok, but then the village was renamed Mysovye Chelny. In 1930, a new renaming took place, as the city began to be called Krasnye Chelny, which had ideological overtones. In addition, nearby was the village of Berezhnye Chelny, which received city status in the same 1930. From the merger of these two settlements Naberezhnye Chelny was formed.

The city developed most intensively in the 1960s–1970s, during the Brezhnev era. It was then that the city-forming enterprise for the production of KamAZ trucks was built. From a small town, Naberezhnye Chelny turned into the second largest settlement in the Tatar Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic after Kazan. After the death of the General Secretary of the CPSU, in 1982, the city was renamed Brezhnev in his honor. But in 1988, Naberezhnye Chelny was returned to its previous name.

Naberezhnye Chelny is the second settlement in terms of population and area in the region. It covers an area of ​​171 square meters. km, which accommodates a population of 526.8 thousand people. Its density is 3080.4 people/1 sq. km. Since 2009, the population in the city has been constantly growing.

This is also where the majority of Tatars and Russians live – 47.4% and 44.9%, respectively. More than 1% of the total number are Chuvash, Ukrainians and Bashkirs. There are slightly fewer Udmurts, Maris and Mordovians.

Kazan is the most beautiful city of the republic

In every country, the capital is the most beautiful city. Therefore, it is not surprising that from your first visit to Tatarstan, Kazan will become your all-encompassing love. This city amazes tourists with a unique combination of architectural historical monuments and modern buildings that fit perfectly into the appearance of the capital of Tatarstan.

Every year the flow of tourists seeking to visit Kazan increases. For example, last year more than two million people visited this amazing city. For several years now, the capital of the republic has occupied a leading position in the list of the most popular cities where you can spend the New Year holidays. In addition, Kazan has the official status of “the third capital of Russia”. All this, combined with the extraordinary beauty of the city and the hospitality of its inhabitants, is enough to attract the attention of tourists to the capital of the former Kazan Khanate.

General characteristics of the cities of Tatarstan

We have studied in detail the largest cities of the Republic of Tatarstan. The largest of them is the capital of the republic, Kazan, with a population of 1.217 million inhabitants. This is the only millionaire city in the republic. Three more settlements in the region have a population exceeding 100 thousand people.

The majority of the population of the cities of Tatarstan are Russians and Tatars. Among other peoples there are relatively many Ukrainians, Chuvash, Mari, Udmurts and Bashkirs. The predominant religions are Orthodox Christianity and Islam. In addition, several other religions are common.

Republic of Tatarstan: population

Tatarstan is a densely populated republic. According to the latest data, the population is 3,885,253 people. The annual natural increase of citizens of the republic is 0.2%, this figure allows Tatarstan to hold eighth place in the Russian Federation in terms of population.

The average life expectancy has been at seventy-two years for several years now. This is the highest level in the last thirty years. The favorable situation within the republic is evidenced by the figure characterizing how the population is replenished. Tatarstan is a country where the birth rate remains at a consistently high level. For every thousand people, twelve new citizens are born. Sociologists predict that by 2022 the population of the republic will cross the border to 5,000,000 people.

About the settlements and main nationalities of the republic

The number of settlements, in addition to the million-plus city of Kazan, includes another twenty-six cities. Three of them (Naberezhnye Chelny, Nizhnekamsk, Almetyevsk) have more than 100 thousand inhabitants. More than 50 thousand live in settlements such as Zelenodolsk, Bugulma, Elabuga, Leninogorsk, Chistopol. The Republic of Tatarstan is incredibly multinational. Its population is diverse. It has more than 173 nationalities. Among them:

• Tatars (about 53.2% of the total population);
• Russians (39.7%);
• Chuvash (3.1%);
• Udmurts (0.6%);
• Bashkirs (0.36%);
• other nationalities (less than 3.1%).

The population size by region shows that the percentage of Tatars in almost all regions is somewhat less than that of Russians.

Ethnic composition of the former Kazan Khanate

Throughout Russia there is no such multinational state as Tatarstan. According to the latest data, more than one hundred and fifteen nationalities live here, all of which are historically established populations. Since ancient times, Tatarstan has served as a haven for numerous ethnic diasporas. This policy turned out to be very beneficial for the state, because all peoples are united and conflicts based on interethnic hostility have never arisen in the country.

Now the state is home to eight nationalities, which number more than ten thousand people, among them Russians, Maris and Tatars. The most numerous include the following nationalities:

• Tatars - more than two million people;
• Russians - about one and a half million people;
• Chuvash - one hundred twenty-six and a half thousand people.

As a percentage, Tatars make up fifty-two percent of the total population, Russians make up thirty-nine and a half percent of the population, and the Chuvash, respectively, make up three percent of the citizens of Tatarstan.

National composition of residents

The population of Tatarstan is distinguished by significant national diversity. The main ethnic group is the Tatars (53% of the inhabitants), followed by the Russian population (almost 40% of the republic's inhabitants). Other groups are represented by the Chuvash, Udmurts, Mordovians, Ukrainians, Mari, Bashkirs and many more nationalities and ethnic entities. A total of 7% of the republic’s residents indicated during the census a nationality other than Tatars or Russians.

By the way, the number of indigenous people of the republic is gradually increasing. If in 1926 Tatars made up 48.7% of the population, then by 2002 the figure increased by 4.2%. The share of Russians, accordingly, decreases: from 43% in 1926 to 39.5-39.7% in 2002-2010. Tatars form a majority in 32 of the republic's 43 settlements, while Russians form a majority in 10. In another municipality, the largest population group is the Chuvash.

Economic development of Tatarstan

The economy of Tatarstan is one of the most developed in the Russian Federation. It ranks sixth in the country in terms of production volumes. The petrochemical industry plays a major role in the republic. In Tatarstan, they are engaged not only in oil production, but also in its refining, which brings significant funds to the state budget and raises its authority among the constituent entities of the Russian Federation.

The share of mechanical engineering in the industrial complex of the country is large, which attracts foreign investment to the republic. According to information from last year, Tatarstan cooperated with one hundred and thirty world powers, with imports and exports accounting for approximately the same percentage.

From the first decade of this century, the Republic of Tatarstan began reorganizing the housing stock. Over six years, more than three hundred thousand square meters of housing were put into operation in the country. In parallel, the construction of satellite cities of Kazan and the construction of sports and entertainment institutions at the federal level began. This brought Tatarstan to a new level in the international sports arena, which, in turn, provides the republic’s budget with additional funds allocated for the development of the region’s economy.

Economists have long been pleased with the monthly increase in production in the republic, equal to 0.1%. If this trend continues, then in a few years Tatarstan will completely overcome its dependence on the oil industry, which over the past year has shown itself to be extremely unstable. All other constituent entities of the Russian Federation that depend on this industry have significantly reduced their economic growth. The Republic very far-sightedly directed the received investments into the development of the chemical industry, managing with its help to ultimately cover the existing budget deficit.

Despite the fact that inflation in the republic is slowly but steadily growing, the standard of living in Tatarstan remains consistently high. The Republic is one of the five regions of Russia with the highest standard of living. Now it ranks fourth, behind the constant leaders of the list - Moscow, St. Petersburg and the Moscow region.

The Republic of Tatarstan can be considered one of the most unique subjects of the Russian Federation. Sociologists and economists predict rapid growth in the region in the near future, which will take the republic to a completely new level of development.

Cities of republican significance

The cities of republican significance Kazan and Naberezhnye Chelny form urban districts at the municipal level.

The remaining cities of republican significance are included in municipal districts and, according to the Register[2], in administrative districts (which contradicts the law on the administrative-territorial structure[1]).

city ​​(urban district) Kazan

Aznakaevo city

It is part of the Aznakaevsky municipal district (and, according to the Register[2], administrative).

Almetyevsk city

It is part of the Almetyevsky municipal district (and, according to the Register[2], administrative).

Bavly city

It is part of the Bavlinsky municipal district (and, according to the Register[2], administrative).

Bugulma city

It is part of the Bugulma municipal district (and, according to the Register[2], administrative).

Buinsk city

It is part of the Buinsky municipal district (and, according to the Register[2], administrative).

Yelabuga city

It is part of the Elabuga municipal district (and, according to the Register[2], administrative).

city ​​of Zainsk

It is part of the Zainsky municipal district (and, according to the Register[2], administrative).

Zelenodolsk city

It is part of the Zelenodolsk municipal district (and, according to the Register[2], administrative).

Leninogorsk city

It is part of the Leninogorsk municipal district (and, according to the Register[2], administrative).

city ​​(urban district) Naberezhnye Chelny

Nizhnekamsk city

It is part of the Nizhnekamsk municipal district (and, according to the Register[2], administrative).

Nurlat city

It is part of the Nurlat municipal district (and, according to the Register[2], administrative).

Chistopol city

It is part of the Chistopol municipal district (and, according to the Register[2], administrative).