Travel to the Voskresensky district: Pozharsky’s birthplace and Gogol’s place of inspiration

Travel to the Voskresensky district: Pozharsky’s birthplace and Gogol’s place of inspiration

Material prepared by Voskresensky IA>>

Voskresensky district of the Moscow region is a land with a rich history. The first mentions of these places, according to the spiritual charter of Ivan Kalita, date back to 1339. The ancient name of the regional center - Voskresensk - has stood the test of time, surviving even the anti-religious Soviet era, and has survived to this day. On the territory of the region, many places associated with the most famous names of Russian literature and history have been preserved: Pozharsky, Gogol, Lazhechnikov. A correspondent for the Voskresensk news agency has compiled an interesting route through the estates and churches of the region.

The village of Voskresenskoye, which gave its name to the railway station and station village, and later to the city, was first mentioned in the scribe books of 1577-1578. The village got its name from the Church of the Resurrection of Christ. In 1934, by decision of the All-Russian Central Executive Committee, the workers' village of Voskresensk was formed, which already received the status of a city in 1938.

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The estate of Prince Pozharsky

The coat of arms of the Voskresensky district depicts a golden shield, which is associated with the name of Prince Dmitry Pozharsky, the liberator of Moscow from the Polish-Lithuanian troops, whose monument is erected on Red Square in Moscow.

The village of Marchugi once belonged to the great-grandfather of the historically famous Prince Dmitry Pozharsky, Ivan Beklemishev, who was a diplomat and statesman during the reigns of Ivan III and Vasily III. In the winter of 1525, Ivan “Bersen” Beklemishev was executed, the village was requisitioned and became a palace. The mother of the future national hero, Princess Maria Pozharskaya, nee Beklemeshiva, who was a noblewoman under Boris Godunov’s daughter, Ksenia Borisovna, managed to return the village. So Marchugi became the patrimony of the Pozharskys.

Dmitry Mikhailovich Pozharsky was born on November 1, 1578 and spent his childhood years on the family estate in Marchugi. The estate has not survived, except for the Church of the Exaltation of the Cross, to which, according to local legends, Prince Dmitry added a chapel in the name of St. Nicholas, whom he especially revered. In 1768, when the Pozharsky family had already ended, the village was owned by the Miloslavsky family, and the church was rebuilt from wood to stone. It acquired its current appearance already in 1854, when the village belonged to Princess Cherkasskaya.

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Renaissance Trace

In the village of Konstantinovo, not far from the village of Marchugi, there is the Trinity (Assumption) Church, unique in its architecture.

In 1797, with the help of the widow Praskovya Vladimirovna Melissino (nee Princess Dolgorukova), a church was built in memory of her husband Ivan Ivanovich Melissino. This church is a copy of the Tempietto rotunda chapel in Rome, built by the outstanding representative of the High Renaissance, Donato Bramante. It is noteworthy that the Tempietto Chapel is part of the cult complex of San Pietro in Montorio in Rome, which was built on the site where the Apostle Peter was supposedly crucified.

Trinity Church is located on the banks of the Moscow River, directly opposite the Spasskoye estate, where Nikolai Vasilyevich Gogol visited Alexandra Osipovna Smirnova in 1851. With a high degree of confidence we can say that Gogol attended Trinity Church. In the last years of his life, the writer was devout. Before arriving in Spasskoye, he inquired whether there was a church near the estate, which is confirmed by correspondence between Gogol and Smirnova.

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The estate where Gogol wrote “Dead Souls”

In the 19th century, the Spasskoye estate belonged to the famous diplomat Nikolai Mikhailovich Smirnov, who in 1832 married a lady-in-waiting of the imperial court, Alexandra Osipovna Rosset. Alexandra Osipovna was a woman of extraordinary intelligence - she graduated from the Catherine Institute with a diamond monogram, and was also a beauty, but she did not limit her interests to court life. In a sense, she was the muse of the literary elite of the time. Among her fans and friends were A.S. Pushkin, V.F. Odoevsky, P.A. Vyazemsky, V.A. Zhukovsky and many others. She met Nikolai Vasilyevich Gogol and became strong friends in Rome.

Alexandra Osipovna said about the Spasskoye estate: “My favorite one near Moscow.” She often invited Gogol to visit. In June 1851, the writer nevertheless visited the estate. He spent three weeks here working on the second volume of Dead Souls. This was Gogol's last summer - he died on February 21, 1852.

During the Great Patriotic War, the mansion of the estate was set aside for an orphanage. Then the main building of the estate lost its historical appearance as a result of a fire; later it was restored, but not according to the original design, therefore it is strikingly different in architectural style from the original one, but the wings of the main building, as well as the outbuildings, retained their appearance.

After the war, the pioneer camp (DOL) “Flame” was located on the territory of this noble nest. Now the Spasskoye estate is in a deplorable state, however, in 2014, the government of the Moscow region leased the estate to the ASG group of companies with the condition of restoration.

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Estate of the writer Lazhechnikov

The Voskresensky district is also famous for another estate, also associated with literature – Krivyakino. In 1760, when the estate belonged to Major General A.G. Zamyatin, the mansion was made of wood. It is not known for certain when the brick building in the Baroque style with elements of early classicism was built.

According to some estimates, the mansion acquired the appearance it has today at the turn of the 70s and 80s of the 18th century. In the 90s of the 18th century, the estate was acquired by the wealthy merchant Ivan Ilyich Lazhechnikov, but under a false name. This “maneuver” is explained by the fact that the Lazhechnikov family was not noble, and therefore could not acquire noble property. The son of Ivan Ilyich, the famous Russian writer, author of The Ice House, Ivan Ivanovich Lazhechnikov, spent his childhood and youth in the estate, but later returned there only three times - in 1854, 1856 and 1858.

Health problems and financial situation forced Ivan Ilyich Lazhechnikov to sell the estate in 1824, although later, in the 50s, the estate was returned to the Lazhechnikovs - it was bought by Nikolai Ivanovich Lazhechnikov, the elder brother of the writer Ivan Lazhechnikov.

During the period when the Lazhechnikovs did not own the estate, it was transformed. The new owner, actual state councilor Nadezhda Ivanovna Kurmanaleeva, began construction work in 1829, and it was under her that a house church in the name of the Georgian Icon of the Mother of God was erected, a terraced descent with stairs to the Moscow River was built, a regular park was laid out, and a cascade system of three ponds.

Later, the estate was demarcated and saw different owners, including Count Sergei Vladimirovich Orlov-Davydov, the famous businessman Vasily Alekseevich Khludov. During the Soviet years, the premises of the estate first housed a cell of the Russian Communist Youth Union, and later a dormitory for builders of the Voskresensky Chemical Plant. In the 70s of the 20th century, the Lastochka children's sanatorium was located on the territory of the estate.

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Cultural center in the Krivyakino estate

By a resolution of the Council of Ministers of the RSFSR of 1974, the estate was classified as a cultural monument of national importance. Since 2003, the estate and park ensemble has been under the jurisdiction of the cultural. Since 2007, the estate has been undergoing restoration.

The idea, which originated in the 1990s, to turn the estate into a cultural center has today already been partially realized. In the outbuilding of the estate there is a permanent cultural exhibition of local history, which is divided into several thematic blocks: archeology, Russian life, numismatics and bonistics, bourgeois urban life, Kuznetsov porcelain, etc. Thematic exhibitions and lectures are held on the ground floor. The Voskresensk literary association “Rainbow” named after Lazhechnikov holds literary evenings and meetings here.

How to get there:

— by bus No. 325 from the Vykhino metro station;

— from the Kazansky railway station in Moscow by train (directions Golutvin, Ryazan, Shifernaya) to the platform “88 km” or “Voskresensk”;

— the villages of Konstantinovo and Marchuga can be reached by regular bus No. 27 from the bus station located next to the platform 88 km of the Kazan direction;

— you can get to the Spasskoye estate by regular bus No. 33 (stop “DOL Dubravushka”);

— the Krivyakino estate is located within the city: Lermontova, 5.

Alexander Ivanov

Moscow.org Moscow city portal

The documentary history of the village of Voskresensky dates back to 1728, when it and neighboring villages were acquired by the closest associate of Tsar Peter I, Chief General Pavel Ivanovich Yaguzhinsky. Then his widow Anna Grigorievna became the owner of the village. Soon after she married Count and Chief Marshal Bestuzhev-Ryumin for the second time, she was sentenced to travel on the wheel in the Lopukhin case, but then Empress Elizaveta Petrovna had mercy on the sentenced woman and replaced the execution with exile. But the Voskresensk estate was confiscated in 1743 in favor of the royal treasury.

In 1755, the estate was returned to the son of Count Bestuzhev-Ryumin, Sergei. In the same year, he sold Voskresenskoye to the favorite of Empress Elizabeth Petrovna Shuvalov. Shuvalov was known as a patron of education, the first curator of Moscow University and the future president of the Academy of Arts.

In 1910, the estate was acquired by hereditary noblewoman Anna Lvovna von Meck, niece of the Russian composer P.I. Tchaikovsky. Tchaikovsky’s sister Anna Merkling lived in Voskresensky for a long time; the artist Kustodiev was also a frequent guest here.

Even before the October Revolution, the owner of the estate voluntarily transferred it to the state in the hope that this would save the estate from ruin, but after some time the manor’s house burned down.

In 1918, the Voskresenskoye estate, as an object of state significance, was transferred to the disposal of the livestock department of the People's Commissariat of Agriculture. In 1920, the Voskresenskaya group of collective farms was formed, and a few years later, the All-Russian Central Executive Committee state farm appeared on the basis of the Voskresenskoye and Arkhangelskoye estates. Tractor driving courses were opened at the state farm, and the first tractors arrived here. The state farm also operated an exemplary livestock farm and had the largest apiary in the area. Before the start of the Great Patriotic War, the state farm took part in the All-Russian Agricultural Exhibition, where it received a prize of 10,000 rubles and a passenger car for its achievements. In 1922, M.I. Kalinin’s dacha was built on the shore of a local pond.

Already in the post-war years, a settlement with urban-type residential buildings, a club and a school grew up on the site of the estate. On the territory of the modern settlement, small forest areas with a total area of ​​272 hectares have been preserved. In Voskresensky there are more than 100 different enterprises and organizations, 6 industrial enterprises, and a well-developed social infrastructure.

Three rivers flow through the territory of Voskresensky: Desna, Sosenka and Chechera. There is a dam and four artesian wells on the Desna River that supply water to the city of Podolsk. A dam was also erected on the Chechera River; its waters fill three cascading ponds.

Historical reference:

1728 - Voskresenskoye and neighboring villages were acquired by Chief General Pavel Ivanovich Yaguzhinsky 1743 - was confiscated in favor of the royal treasury 1755 - the estate was returned to the son of Count Bestuzhev-Ryumin Sergei 1910 - the estate was acquired by hereditary noblewoman Anna Lvovna von Meck 1920 - Voskresensk group of collective farms was formed 1922 - M.I. Kalinin’s dacha was built on the shore of a local pond 2012 - Voskresensky territory became part of Moscow

Information about the settlement

The Voskresensk settlement is a settlement (municipal entity and administrative unit) in the Novomoskovsky administrative district of Moscow.

Included in Moscow on July 1, 2012 during the implementation of the city expansion project.

Head of the settlement

— Chairman of the Council of Deputies
Hasanov Magomed- Zagir Gasanovich
.

Head of Administration Borodenko Vadim Viktorovich

Geographical data

The total area is 2,477 hectares.

The municipal entity is located in the central part of the Novomoskovsk administrative district and borders: - with the Yuzhnoye Butovo district of the city of Moscow, in the north with the settlement of Sosenskoye, the southwestern neighbor is the settlement of Desenovskoye, and in the south is the Ryazanovskoye settlement. Voskresensky has common borders with the urban district of Shcherbinka, the city of Podolsk and settlements of the Leninsky municipal district of the Moscow region.

Voskresenskoye is a beautiful Church of the Resurrection of Christ, famous holiday homes and holiday villages, today Voskresenskoye is a dynamically developing territory - new housing is being built, and social facilities are appearing along with it.

Story

In 1984, as part of the Leninsky district of the Moscow region, the Voskresensky village council was formed on the territory of several settlements. In 2005, when the country was actively implementing the reform of local self-government in the Leninsky district, the rural settlement of Voskresenskoye was formed with the administrative center in the subsidiary farming village “Voskresenskoye”. On July 1, 2012, the rural settlement of Voskresenskoye became part of the Novomoskovsk administrative district of the capital and the prefix “rural” disappeared from the name.

Voskresenskoe today

A significant increase in population was ensured by the active development and commissioning of apartment buildings on the territory of the Novoye Butovo residential complex. In 2012, 6,251 people lived in the settlement, in 2022 the number of residents more than doubled and amounted to 15,600 people

.
As of January 2022, the population of the Voskresenskoye settlement is 16,661 people . Currently, 2 kindergartens and a school
. The construction of an educational school building for 200 places with a preschool department for 100 places is in the active stage.

In the settlement there is a state budgetary institution of additional education "Voskresensk Children's Art School"

.
“House of Culture and Sports Voskresenskoye”
will help residents of the settlement engage in creativity, realize their sporting ambitions, as well as learn a foreign language and acquire other useful skills .

In 2022, on the territory of the settlement, to the already existing precinct police station in the village of Voskresenskoye, a public law enforcement station was added on the territory of the Novoye Butovo residential complex.

In 2022, a clinic for children and adults began its work, located near the SNT “Velvet Grove”.

In February 2022, on the basis of the state budgetary institution of the city of Moscow, the Social Service Center "Moskovsky", a branch was opened in Voskresensky. The branch works with all categories of citizens who, by law, are entitled to assistance - permanent, one-time or temporary - this includes care, health improvement, and assistance in everyday life The list of services is large, as is the center’s contingent, which includes not only senior citizens, but also people with disabilities, including children.

The settlement has three shopping complexes, a shopping and entertainment center , more than ten catering establishments with a variety of cuisines, beauty salons, and eight pharmacies.

and other consumer market objects necessary for residents of Voskresensky.

Many in the Moscow region, the capital and other regions are familiar with Voskresenskoye thanks to the holiday homes - this is the Desna Health Complex - named after 1 of 3 local rivers, the Arkhangelskoye complex and the Voskresenskoye club-hotel.

Every summer, thousands of summer residents flock here; today, on the territory of the settlement there are about 40 SNTs - gardening and non-profit partnerships, the total number of owner associations is about 45. The number of households in the private sector is 529. The number of apartment buildings is 60.

"Iconic object"

embankment of the Tsyganka River has become the hallmark of the settlement

.In 2022, as part of the implementation of the Moscow program “Development of the Urban Environment”, the administration of the Voskresenskoye settlement was the customer for the improvement of the “Iconic Object”.

The improvement area was 8.4 hectares

The object can be conditionally divided into two parts – the river embankment and the forest part of the park. It should be noted that when designing and carrying out the work, it was necessary to take into account the existing, complex terrain of the territory and play with it. This is how the idea arose to create an amphitheater with a stage area and a children’s playground - a climbing wall, which were perfectly located on the slope.

The project affected the green area along the Tsyganka River. In the forest part there is a football field covered with artificial grass, and a sports ground with exercise equipment. There is a barbecue area and a table tennis area. A walking road and path network has been installed.

There are 4 types of external lighting throughout the facility, including landscape lighting. Video surveillance has been installed, 24 cameras have been installed. Today, all cameras are integrated into a single data storage system of the Moscow Department of Information Technologies.

In order to create a single park space in 2022, the design of the second and third stages of improvement ,

which was successfully implemented in 2022.

This project connected sections of the territory that had already been landscaped in 2022, thereby making it possible to create an unobstructed pedestrian network of the park area, where residents and guests of the settlement can comfortably spend time. At this stage, the project area for improvement was already 12 hectares.

On the second

At this stage, it is planned to construct a platform for yoga classes, as well as for the possibility of using it as a solarium area. A paving area has been built and a metal gazebo has been installed. The complexity of the terrain, which is characterized by large differences in height, was also taken into account, so the project provides for the construction of staircases with ramps and the installation of handrails. A dog walking area has been installed. The slopes on the side of the Church of the Resurrection of Christ have been strengthened and an observation deck has been equipped. Benches are installed throughout the facility. For a quiet relaxation, individually made pergolas are installed, which are made of wood. The densely forested area made it possible to install a children's playground of an unusual elongated shape. Modern children's small architectural forms made of wood have been installed. Street sports exercise equipment are installed along the road and path network.

At the same time, picnic points have been set up in order to concentrate people to relax in specially equipped places, to prevent mass unauthorized installations of barbecues in the forest.

Work has been carried out on landscaping the area: coniferous and deciduous trees, shrubs have been planted and flower decoration has been arranged.

Third stage

— improvement of the area near house 12 A.

A road and path network has been developed. Bicycle paths, tiled paving for leisurely walks and Nordic walking.

External lighting has been installed on the site, garden sofas and trash cans have been installed.

There are areas for quiet recreation, as well as children's and sports grounds.

Settlements

Today Voskresenskoye is the village of Voskresenskoye, 9 villages: Yamontovo, Gorodishche, Karakashevo, Laptevo, Rastoropovo, Gubkino, Yazovo, Miloradovo, Knyazevo.

The settlement includes 10 settlements and 1 residential complex, with a total population of 15,600 permanently registered citizens, as of December 2022.