TOP-28 - what to see in Shakhty, Rostov region

City in Rostov region, Russia

Mines

(Russian: Shakhty, IPA: [ˈꟅaxtɨ]) is a city in Rostov region, Russia, located on the southeastern spur of the Donetsk Range, 75 km northeast of Rostov-on-Don. As of the 2010 Census, its population was 239,987.[4]

Previously it was known as Alexandro-Grushevskaya

(until 1867),[2]
Mountain Grushevskoye Settlement
(until 1881),[2]
Aleksandrovsk-Grushevsky
(until 1920).[2]

Story

At the beginning of the 19th century[2] Sergeant Major Popov founded[ citation needed

] on R. Grushevka and Cossack
village
from
Aleksandro-Grushevskaya
(Alexandro-Grushevskaya).[2]
Although the exact reason for this name is unclear, it is possible that the name was given in honor of the Emperor. Alexander I.[2] Twelve Cossacks and fourteen peasant serfs lived in the village
at this time.[
citation needed
] By the mid-19th century, there were 57 coal mines operating in the area.[2]
In 1867 it received city status and was renamed. Gornoye Grushevskoye Settlement
(Gornoe Grushevskoye Settlement).[2]
The name was changed to Aleksandrovsk-Grushevsky
(Alexandrovsk-Grushevsky) in 1881.[2]

By 1914 the population had reached 54,000. The main source of income was coal mining, which had been carried out in this region since the late 18th century. The population was poor, but the city had a railroad, telegraph and telephone network, electricity and running water, as well as libraries, hospitals and a post office. In 1917, the city changed hands three times until it was captured on April 28, 1919 by the Don Army, under General Fitzkhelaurov. For twenty months he was independent of the Bolsheviks, but was ravaged by typhoid fever.

In 1920, the city was given its current name.[2] A name that literally means mines

in Russian was chosen due to its close connection with coal mining.[2] In 1920–24, Shakhty was part of the Donetsk Governorate of the Ukrainian SSR. During the 1920s, many churches and archives were destroyed. In 1928, the city hosted the Shakhty Trial, a predecessor to the show trials of the 1930s.

In 1941, an independent Cossack republic was proclaimed in Shakhty, although this was suppressed by the NKVD before the Russian invasion.[9] In July 1942, during the Great Patriotic War, the city was occupied by the Germans; many coal pits and buildings were blown up by the Germans during their retreat in February 1943. Twenty-nine city residents were awarded the title Hero of the Soviet Union.

In 1948, production at the mines reached pre-war levels. During Leonid Brezhnev's years, the city was at the peak of its development, its population exceeded 250,000 people, and about ten million tons of coal were mined annually.

In the 1970s and 1980s, the city was the scene of many Andrei Chikati murders.

The redevelopment proved devastating for the city, as the mines were privatized and closed, causing mass unemployment, which led to a serious increase in crime and drug abuse. Today's Shakhty is the main industrial center of Eastern Donbass. The city is also one of the main producers and exporters of tiles in Eastern Europe.

Pearls of architecture in Shakhty

The unique appearance of the Mines is created by buildings from different eras. Some of them belonged to merchants and artisans, others served for the benefit of the townspeople.

Merchant mansion

• Address: Klimenko, 14.

An amazingly beautiful house can be found on Klimenko Street, 14. The two-story mansion is made of baked brick and decorated with snow-white pilasters, jagged cornices and an interfloor belt. In the past, a merchant family lived here; today the house is occupied by an Italian clothing store “Pret-a-porter”.

The building of the first library-reading room

• Address: Shevchenko street, 139.

At the end of the 19th century, the first library opened in Aleksandrovsk-Grushevsk, where city residents could not only borrow a book, but also spend time in a cozy reading room. The library was in great demand among students, scientists and second-hand book lovers.

It occupied a three-story building made of stone blocks. On the facades of a pleasant mint shade, whitewashed sandstones, interfloor belts and elegant framing of window niches stood out. Currently, this building houses a shopping center.

House of artisan Radko V.I.

• Address: Sovetskaya street, 113A.

Craftsman Radko V.I. lived in a small but remarkable house. The one-story building was crowned with an unusual attic, smoothly connected to pilasters. Narrow doors, large windows with platbands, turrets on the roof - all this attracted attention both a hundred years ago and now. Today, the Rachkovsky Pub is open in the craftsman’s house.

Attractions

There are many monuments and museums in Shakhty.

Drama Theater Monument to Vasily Alekseev

• Monument to Alexander II. The monument to Emperor Alexander II was unveiled on April 29, 2015. It is installed in front of the main building of the Institute of Service and Entrepreneurship of the Don State Technological Institute (DSTU) in the city of Shakhty. The monument was built using voluntary donations. The right to conduct its opening was granted to the representative of the House of Romanov, the great-grandson of Emperor Alexander III, Pavel Eduardovich Kulikovsky-Romanov.

The pedestal is made of dark granite, and the statue of Alexander II is cast in bronze. The height of the monument is 5.7 meters, and the figure of Alexander II is 2.4 meters.

On the front side there is the inscription “Alexander II” in gold letters. Tsar Liberator." On the reverse side there is a brief biographical information about the ruler: “Emperor Alexander II. abolished serfdom in Russia in 1861 and freed millions of peasants from centuries of slavery, carried out military and judicial reforms, introduced a system of local government, city councils and local administrations, put an end to the long-term Caucasian War, and freed the Slavic peoples from the Ottoman yoke. He was killed on March 1, 1881, the victim of a terrorist.[12][13]

Fountain in the park (1920-1930)

The monument was erected on the initiative of the Historical Council of the city of Shakhty. Sculptor - Yuri Alekseevich Levochkin.[14]

• Monument to Vasily Alekseev (2014). Vasily Ivanovich Alekseev was a Soviet weightlifter.[15][16] He set 80 world records and 81 Soviet records in weightlifting, and won gold medals at the 1972 and 1976 Summer Olympics.[17] Alekseev was born in the city of Shakhty.
• Monument to the Soldier-Liberator (1985)
• Memorial to the victims of fascism (1975)
• Monument to fighters for Soviet power (1955)
• Monument to Internationalist Soldiers (2010)
• Monument to Taras Shevchenko (1972)
• Monuments to Lenin (1945). Vladimir Ilyich Ulyanov was a Russian communist revolutionary, politician and political theorist.
• Memorial to the heroes of the First World War (2014). The monument depicts a double-headed eagle. In the paws is a cadet standard, with the monogram of the Russian Emperor Nicholas II. The names of all the Don Cossack detachments that participated in the First World War are engraved on the plates under the eagle’s wings.

Chapels and temples of Shakhty

Chapels and other churches are in the shadow of the Intercession Cathedral. Nevertheless, they contribute to the spiritual life of the city.

Chapel of the Resurrection of the Lord

• Address: Central Alley.

The Resurrection Chapel was built from stone blocks in 2014. It is located on the site where in ancient times there was a crypt of the ancient merchant family of the Baranovs. The structure has an irregular shape due to projections and projections. The silhouette of the building narrows towards the top, where a drum with a golden head is installed. The chapel is often visited during sightseeing tours.

Chapel of John the Baptist

• Address: st. Doronina, 2b.

The chapel is made in the Russian-Byzantine style. The small three-apse temple is decorated with semi-columns with capitals, a crenellated frieze and an archivolt above the main entrance. The composition is completed by a light drum with a massive golden head. Services are held in the chapel on Sundays.

Temple-chapel of St. Sergius of Radonezh

• Address: City Cemetery.

The chapel was made of timber in 2012 and placed on the edge of the city cemetery. The golden domes on the low tents add a special touch to the seemingly ordinary building. One of them crowns the temple, the other a belfry built over the porch.

Recommendations

Notes

1. ^ a b c d f
   Law No. 340-ZS
2. ^ a b c d f g gram hour i j k l
   Pospelov, p. 26
3. Official website of the Shakhty city administration. Denis Ivanovich Stanislavov Archived March 11, 2014 Wayback Machine (in Russian)
4. ^ a b c
   Federal State Statistics Service of Russia (2011).
   “All-Russian Population Census 2010. Volume 1" [All-Russian Population Census 2010, vol. 1]. All-Russian Population Census 2010 [All-Russian Population Census 2010]
   (in Russian). Federal State Statistics Service.
5. "26. The size of the permanent population of the Russian Federation by municipalities as of January 1, 2022.” Federal State Statistics Service. Retrieved January 23, 2022.
6. ^ a b c
   Law No. 191-ZS
7. "On the calculation of time." Official Internet portal of legal information
   (in Russian). June 3, 2011. Retrieved January 19, 2022.
8. Post office. Information and computing center of OASU RPO. ( Post office
   ).
   Search for postal facilities ( Search for postal facilities
   ) (in Russian)
9. p.88, Stalingrad, Anthony Beevor
10. Federal State Statistics Service of Russia (May 21, 2004). “The population of Russia, the constituent entities of the Russian Federation as part of federal districts, urban settlements, urban settlements, settlements, settlements of 3 thousand or more people.” [Population of Russia, its federal districts, federal subjects, districts, urban settlements, rural settlements - administrative centers, rural settlements with a population of more than 3000 people] (XLS). All-Russian Population Census of 2002 [All-Russian Population Census of 2002]
    (in Russian).
11. “All-Union Population Census of 1989. The actual population of the union and autonomous republics, autonomous regions and districts, territories, regions, urban settlements and villages. Members of the IOPS took part in the opening of the monument to Emperor Alexander II in Shakhty.” ippo.ru.
    _ Retrieved October 7, 2022.
12. “A monument to Alexander II was opened in the city of Shakhty - Administration of the city of Shakhty.” shakhty-gorod.ru
    . Retrieved October 7, 2022.
13. “They began to erect a monument to Alexander II in Shakhty.” kvu.su
    (in Russian). Retrieved October 7, 2022.
14. Fedorov, Gennady (November 25, 2011). “World record holder in weightlifting Alekseev died at the age of 69.” Reuters. Retrieved November 25, 2011.
15. Croft, Lee B. (2002) [1992]. Dawson, Don P. (ed.). Great athletes
    .
    1
    (Revised ed.). Salem Press. pp. 35–37. ISBN 1-58765-008-8.
16. Vasily Alekseev Archived June 22, 2016 Wayback Machine. sports-reference.com
17. "Twin Cities". shakhty-gorod.ru
    (in Russian). Mines. Retrieved February 4, 2022.

Sources

• Legislative Assembly of the Rostov region. Law No. 340-ZS of July 25, 2005 “On the administrative-territorial structure of the Rostov region,” as amended. Law No. 270-ZS of November 27, 2014 “On Amendments to the Regional Law” On the Administrative-Territorial Structure of the Rostov Region “”. Came into force on the date of official publication. Published: “Our Time”, No. 187–190, July 28, 2005 (Legislative Assembly of the Rostov Region. Law No. 340-ZS of July 28, 2005 On the administrative-territorial structure of the Rostov Region
  As amended by the Law of November 27, 2014 No. 270 -ZS.
  On amendments to the regional law "On the administrative-territorial structure of the Rostov region"
  . Valid from the date of official publication.).
• Legislative Assembly of the Rostov region. Law No. 191-ZS of November 19, 2004 “On establishing the border and granting the status of an urban district to the municipal formation” City of Shakhty,” as amended. Law No. 627-ZS of January 12, 2007 “On amendments to some regional laws on establishing the boundaries of municipalities and giving them the proper status.” Came into force on the date of official publication. Published: “Our Time”, No. 285–286, November 23, 2004 (Legislative Assembly of the Rostov Region. Law No. 191-ZS of November 19, 2004 On establishing the border and assigning the status of an urban district to the municipal formation “city of Shakhty”
  As amended Law of January 12, 2007 No. 627-ZS.
  On amendments to various regional laws on establishing the boundaries of municipalities and granting them the appropriate status
  . Valid from the date of official publication.).
• E. M. Pospelov (E. M. Pospelov). “Names of cities: yesterday and today (1917–1992). Toponymic Dictionary". ( Names of cities: yesterday and today (1917–1992). Toponymic dictionary.
  ) Moscow, “Russian Dictionaries”, 1993.

Content

• 1 Volyn region 1.1 Volynugol