Walking through the city streets. Cool Kabardino-Balkaria

Our Russia is famous for its vast forests, wild rivers, and high mountains. Cool Kabardino-Balkaria, another pearl of the North Caucasus. Provincial small town, quiet cozy streets. Its own history, its own legends. I want to open the curtain to this dear land. Take you through the alleys of the squares so that you can enjoy the purity of the Russian outback. . .

Walking through the streets of the city of Prokhladny, the quietest corner on earth. Everyone has a place where your soul rests. Where did you find your berth?

Let's start our walk with history.

The year 1765 is considered the birth of the Cossack village of Prokhladnaya.

It was a settlement called Zaimishche.

Initially, a fortress arose here on the banks of the stormy Malki River on the Azov-Mozdok line.

The main military force of which was the Terek Cossacks. This strengthened the friendship of the Russian people with the peoples of the Caucasus.

Wellness holiday

The settlement of Aushiger is famous not only for its magnificent landscapes, but also for its hot springs, which attract a huge number of tourists every year.
The springs are located not far from a city called Nalchik. Due to the miraculous effect that bathing in the springs produces, as well as their close location from the city limits, every year there are more and more guests. It should be noted that for a long time there were no hotels or sanatoriums in this territory, although this did not stop those who wanted to visit the creation of nature. Now the area is well developed, which allows you to enjoy your holiday without worrying about things like finding accommodation nearby.

According to experts, as well as people who come to this place on vacation every year, it is noted that water has the following effects on the body:

• treats skin diseases;
• improves the functioning of the circulatory and nervous systems;
• improves the functioning of joints and heals connective tissues.

Also, complete with a health bath, you can purchase a very interesting excursion towards the “Maiden’s Tears” waterfall, as well as see the famous Dzhaboevs’ castle. A great idea would be to spend your time horseback riding through gorges and rocks, marveling at all the amazing beauties of the nature of the Caucasus.

Self-guided route for 1-2 days

35 main attractions of Kabardino-Balkaria
The city of Prokhladny is a fairly small settlement in area. During an independent walk around the city, in just 2 days, you can see almost all the sights.

1 day stay in the city:

• Walk along the main street of the city and examine ancient architectural structures.
• Visit to the Cathedral of St. Nicholas the Wonderworker.
• Excursion to the memorial “Those who died for their Motherland in the Second World War.”
• Walk through Memory Square and examine the monuments.
• Visit to the Holy Intercession Church.
• A trip to the memorial house-museum of K. Sh. Kuliev.

2nd day of stay in the city:

• Excursion to the local history museum of the region.
• Inspection of the monument to Shora Nogmov.
• Inspection of the sculpture by A. G. Golovko.
• Excursion to the cemetery chapel and burial places of clergy.
• Visit to the Renaissance art gallery.
• Walk through one of the shopping centers in Prokhladny.

WE WENT TO LENIN STREET

And before us there is a view of a beautiful building. The building is beautiful.

But it was built on the site of our all beloved MAYAK cinema. The worst thing is that the fate of the ancient bas-relief is not known.

And it was conceived as a shopping and entertainment center. But things are still there. Such a hulk is still inactive.

Only one bank office is open. Will wait.

And here is the old telegraph building.

How many long hours did I sit in it to talk with my loved ones from Tyumen?

And now here is the office of Rostelecom.

And at your service:

• mobile communications and local telephony;
• broadband internet;
• interactive television;
• package service;
• payments (payment for various types of services and money transfers);
• data centers;
• cloud technologies;
• telegraph, long-distance and selector communications.

Sights of Prokhladny

Holidays in Kabardino-Balkaria

+Add attractions Prokhladny » Attractions

At this stage of the city’s existence, its main cultural center can be called the Palace of Culture, on the basis of which the People’s Theater was created and all kinds of events are held. In the area of ​​the Vinsovkhoz factory microdistrict there is the factory's House of Culture. There is another object located on the territory of the city of Prokhladny - the Vodnik Palace of Culture. Repairs and reconstruction have been completed at the Mayak cinema. The city museum of local lore is located in Prokhladny. The museum has a large and rich collection that tells about the life of the Terek Cossacks. In the city there is a library named after Maxim Gorky and a library named after Mayakovsky, library point No. 1 TsBS MUK and another branch of this point.

In the city, as in all Russian cities, there are religious buildings of cathedrals and churches that are part of the Pyatigorsk and Circassian dioceses. The main city shrine is considered to be the St. Nicholas Cathedral, which was erected in 1886, and since 1894 this cathedral has housed an icon that was copied from the Mozdok Icon of the Mother of God. The construction of the Holy Intercession city church is being completed, and on the territory of the city cemetery there is a chapel, which was erected in honor of the icon of the Mother of God, Joy of All Who Sorrow. On the territory of St. Nicholas Cathedral there is a Baptismal Church, which is called the Church of the Third Finding of the Head of John the Baptist. In the city there is also a prayer house of the Church of Christians - Evangelical Baptists, on the basis of which the North Caucasus Biblical Institute was created. There is a hall that was built by Jehovah's Witnesses and a Christian prayer house of the Seventh Day Adventist Church. Subordinate to the diocese of St. Clement, which is located in the city of Saratov, is the Catholic parish of the Holy Family in the city of Prokhladny.

Prokhladny is also known for its famous people. Here was born the archimandrite of the Orthodox Church, who at one time was the abbot of the Alanian Holy Dormition Monastery, Archimandrite Anthony, and the inventor of an oil drilling rig, Mikhail Mikhailovich Buzinov. The city also gave birth to a man who was awarded the title of full holder of the Order of Glory, Vasily Filippovich Gutsalo, and the famous officer of the Tsarist Army, who was the vice-chairman of the Union of Officials of the Russian Corps, Dmitry Petrovich Vertepov. Hero of the Soviet Union Grigory Danilovich Vorovchenko and full holder of the Order of Glory Nikolai Afanasyevich Gerasimenko were born in cool.

A street and one of the city’s schools are named after the townsman, admiral and Soviet military leader Arseniy Grigoryevich Golovko. Russian football player Viktor Aleksandrovich Gus and Hero of the Soviet Union Nikolai Matveevich Didenko, famous Soviet football player Viktor Vladimirovich Kamarzaev and Russian football player Dmitry Anatolyevich Kozlov were born in the city. The Russian publicist and philosopher Vitaly Anatolyevich Kurennoy and the Russian champion athlete Maria Aleksandrovna Kruchina, the Russian volleyball champion Anna Anatolyevna Matienko and the test pilot who set a large number of world records Pyotr Maksimovich Ostapenko were born here. The Orthodox hierarch, Bishop of Yakutsk and Lensky Roman, and the head of one of the departments of the Southern Federal University, Doctor of Physical and Mathematical Sciences Pavel Viktorovich Serba, are from the city.

Historical Museum (

FIRST MEETING WITH COOL

I arrived in Prokhladny in July 1984. Of course, after cold Siberia it was just a green paradise.

The city was surrounded by greenery, I had never seen blue spruce trees, but here the whole center is covered in these majestic beauties.

The chestnut trees were blooming. These beautiful candles in the huge trees absolutely delighted me.

Walking the streets of Prokhladny always brings peace. Feeling unhurried. You can retire and sit in the shade of the trees. There is no bustle of huge cities here. Life moves at its own measured pace.

Of course, my sister immediately took me to the cinema, which was my favorite pastime back then. A trip to the MAYAK cinema.

I won’t say that there were no cinemas in Tyumen at that time. This is a regional center after all. And this was the first time I saw such beauty.

The bas-relief of tiles on the facade and side of the building was made by Georgians almost half a century ago. It was one of the calling cards of the city.

In general, when I first came to the Caucasus, I was amazed by the artistic design of the buildings. Frescoes, many different sculptures.

Climate

23 attractions of Kabardino-Balkaria recommended for visiting

The city of Prokhladny is located in the semi-arid temperate climate zone ( Dfa

according to the Köppen climate classification). There are features of a semiarid climate of temperate latitudes. The semiarid climate of temperate latitudes (BSk - cold semiarid climate) is characteristic of the temperate zone. As a rule, such a climate is typical for areas remote from the ocean and large seas and usually separated from them by high mountains. This type of climate is characterized by hot (often extremely hot) and dry summers and cool winters. Summer is hot, and absolute temperatures in July-August often rise to +35...+40°C and above. Winters are mild with average January temperatures of about -3 °C... Stable snow cover is rarely formed. Winter can be either cool with snowfall or warm with no snow. Extremely rarely, during invasions, there are frosts down to -20 °C. The average annual precipitation is about 500 mm. Between April and July there are heavy thunderstorms and hail. At the beginning of August, hot winds blowing from the Caspian lowland often reach the city territory.

Thanks to its favorable climate and soils, Prokhladny is a major agricultural center.

Restaurant "Sosruko"

“Sosruko” is a famous Nalchik restaurant dating back to Soviet times. It is located on Mount Kizilovka and is clearly visible from almost all corners of the city. The restaurant's structure represents the head of the hero Sosruko with an outstretched arm holding a torch. According to legend, it was Sosruko who brought fire to the heroes who lived on this mountain.

The building was built in the middle of the last century and has received various prizes and awards many times. After major renovations in 2004, a beautiful waterfall was installed next to the restaurant, above which statues of birds rise, and makhsyma, the national low-alcohol drink of the residents of Kabardino-Balkaria, flows from the tap of the waterfall into a bowl. The restaurant has a very warm and cozy atmosphere, and the menu here consists of national dishes.

Location: Lermontov street - 25.

Monuments and Monuments

Monuments and sculptures of famous people decorate the city.

Monument to Shora Nogmov

The monument was erected on a city street in the middle of the last century. During a severe hurricane, the sculpture was badly damaged and was restored in 2010 by sculptor Sergei Viktorovich Dronkin.

Nalchik

The monument is dedicated to the Kabardian poet, educator and author of “Stories of the Adyghe People”, Lieutenant Colonel of the Russian Army Nogmov Shora (life from 1794 to 1844)

Monument to “those who died for their homeland”

The monument was founded on December 5, 1968.

Sculptors and architects worked on the iconic monument:

• Z.E.Ozov;
• R.I.Plagashvili;
• F.B.Kalmykov.

The sculpture is dedicated to the soldiers of the Soviet army, graduates of the Poltava Tank School, who died during the defense of the city in August 1942. An eternal flame burns near the monument.

Monument to A.G. Golovko

The architects and sculptors of the monument are R. Nigiyan and Kh. Krymshamkhalov. The monument is dedicated to Admiral Arseny Grigorievich Golovko, who was a native of the city of Prokhladny (life from 1906 to 1962).

During World War II he was a Soviet admiral and naval commander. He was also the permanent commander of the northern flotilla. The monument to the admiral was erected on August 6, 1964 in the central square of the city near the eternal flame.

WALK THROUGH THE ALLEYS OF THE CITY

Cool is a city oasis. And the townspeople love him for it.

All parks and alleys have been preserved here. There are a lot of flowers on the streets of the city. Not a single monument was destroyed.

Let's turn behind the House of Culture and find ourselves in a beautiful alley.

I already wrote that not a single monument was destroyed, but here is another monument to Lenin.

The bust monument to Lenin was erected back in 1925.

The bust was cast by foundry workers from the local Repair Plant.

During the occupation of the city, the bust of Lenin was removed and preserved from the Nazis.

After the release of Prokhladny, the bust was installed in its original place.

In the same park, a monument was erected in honor of the first scientist and educator of the Kabardian people, Shora Bekmurzovich Nogmov.

Sh. Nogmov was born at the end of the 18th century (1794-1844).

In 2010, as a result of a hurricane, the sculpture broke when it fell.

The place was empty for seven years, and on May 20, 2022, the monument was restored and returned to its place.

Interesting places to relax with children

The sights of the city of Prokhladny are of interest not only for adults, but also for children.

Renaissance Art Gallery

The gallery is located next to the country's historical and local history museum, at the address: Prokhladny, st. Svobody, house No. 142. The gallery opened in 2012. Works by artists from various periods of time are exhibited here.

Also, exhibitions and expositions dedicated to various memorable dates are regularly held.

House of Culture

A visit to the House of Culture can be an interesting entertainment for children. Thematic cultural events are regularly held here. Its own People's Theater has been created, which presents a varied repertoire to theater fans.

Bowling

A trip to the local bowling club can be an interesting activity for the whole family. It is located on the territory of the city of Prokhladny, in the microdistrict. Stepan Razin, on the street. Gagarin.

In addition to bowling, you can spend time in the cafe located in the same premises.

Map

Cool: photo from space (Google Maps) Cool: photo from space (Microsoft Virtual Earth)

a brief description of

Located in the Ciscaucasia, in the Mozdok steppe, on the river. Malka (a tributary of the Terek), near the fall of the Baksan River into it, 60 km north of Nalchik. Railway junction lines and highways.

Territory (sq. km): 35

Information about the city of Prokhladny on the Russian Wikipedia site

Historical sketch

Founded in 1765 as a settlement of Zaporozhye Cossacks. Since the 19th century Cossack outpost on the southern border of Russia.

Since 1825 the village of Prokhladnaya. The postal route connecting Russia with Transcaucasia passed through it. Since 1860, the center of the Pyatigorsk department of the Terek Cossack army.

The name is artificial with a “positive” meaning, which was common for the names of villages in the late 18th and early 19th centuries.

Since 1875, after the opening of the Rostov-Vladikavkaz railway, Prokhladnaya station became an important trading center in the North Caucasus, a place for collecting and sending products from the vast agricultural region of the Terek region. Markets were held weekly. The surroundings of Prokhladnaya were famous for their vineyards.

In 1931, the center of the Prokhladnensky district of the North Caucasus Territory was the working village of Prokhladnensky (PGT since January 21, 1929, 4.4 thousand inhabitants, 1931), the center of the Primalkinsky district of Kabardino-Balkaria was the village of Prokhladnaya. Both settlements are near the railway. station Prokhladnaya of the North Caucasus railway.

Since 1937 the city of Prokhladny.

During the Great Patriotic War of 1941-45, the city was occupied by Nazi troops on August 31, 1942. It was liberated on January 5, 1943 by troops of the Transcaucasian Front during the North Caucasus Operation.

On August 8, 2003, the center of the Prokhladnensky district was moved from Prokhladny to the village of Soldatskaya (until the 1950s, the center of the former Primalkinsky district). In 2007, the center of the district was again moved to the city of Prokhladny.

Municipal indicators

Data sources:

1. Regions of Russia. Main characteristics of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation: statistical collection. Goskomstat of Russia. - M:, 2003.

Economy

, repair, semiconductor devices. Food and light industry enterprises, railways transport.

In the Prokhladnensky district, wheat, corn, sunflowers, fruits, and vegetables are grown. Sheep, pigs and cattle are raised.

Main enterprises

MECHANICAL ENGINEERING

CJSC "Kavkazkabel"
361000, Kabardino-Balkarian Republic, Prokhladny, st.
Ostapenko, 21 Offers:
Power cables, wires for electrified transport

OJSC Prokhladnensky Semiconductor Devices Plant

361005, Kabardino-Balkarian Republic, Prokhladny, st.
Lenina, 104 Offers:
Single-channel switches for contactless car ignition systems; integrated voltage regulators for cars

FORESTRY, WOOD PROCESSING AND PULP AND PAPER INDUSTRY

OJSC "Kazak"
361000, Kabardino-Balkarian Republic, Prokhladny, st.
Golovko, 88 Offers:
Cabinet furniture, upholstered furniture

LIGHT INDUSTRY

OJSC "Sewing Factory"
361000, Kabardino-Balkarian Republic, Prokhladny, st.
Svobody, 139 Offers:
Men's, women's, children's clothing; linen for newborns; bed sheets; work clothes

Museums, galleries, exhibition halls

Historical Museum of Prokhladny 361000, Kabardino-Balkarian Republic, Prokhladny, st. Svobody, 138 Phone(s): (866) 5-6880

Architecture, sights

Cathedral.

In the village of Ekaterinogradskaya - Triumphal Arch (1784).

A place where you are comfortable at any time of the year

Sanatorium "Leningrad" is not a beautiful place where you can improve your health. The fact is that no matter what time of year you come here, the weather will be wonderful. Spring in Nalchik, where the sanatorium is located, pleases with warm sun rays, summer is not too hot, autumn is not too rainy, and there are practically no severe frosts in winter. Unlike other places in the Russian state, on the territory of “Leningrad” there are no sudden temperature changes that can have a negative impact on human health.

It will be comfortable here not only for adults, who, after examination by a specialist, will be signed up for various health-improving procedures, but also for children, for whom the sanatorium arranges interesting leisure time and equips a large playground. Those interested will be able to swim in the pool, go to physical education classes, and learn to play tennis. In addition to these physically strengthening activities, the sanatorium has a library, a sauna, a billiards room, and a concert hall, which periodically hosts exciting programs.

The city of Prokhladny is located in the northeast of the Republic of Kabardino-Balkaria, in the Ciscaucasia, 50 km from Nalchik on the Malka River. The city is the second most populous in the republic. As of 2022, 57,880 people live here. It is the cultural, industrial and agricultural center of the republic. Prokhladny is a major railway junction in Kabardino-Balkaria. The area of ​​the territory is 35 km2.

The territory of the city of Prokhladny in Kabardino-Balkaria is located in the forest-steppe zone. The relief is almost flat, flat surfaces. In the southern part of the city the area becomes hilly. The floodplain of the Malka River is raised by high terraces.

Architectural structures

There are interesting architectural structures in Prokhladny

Chapel at the cemetery

The chapel, erected on the cemetery territory of the city, is considered a unique architectural structure. The chapel was erected in 2000 in honor of the icon of the “Mother of God, Joy of All Who Sorrow.” Next to the chapel there is a place for the burial of clergy.

The chapel was erected with donations and attached to the St. Nicholas Church. Construction of the chapel lasted from 08/19/1998 to 04/30/1999. The consecration of the chapel took place on 10/22/1999.

Interior of the chapel:

• iconostasis;
• altar;
• upper choirs.

THE CITY OF COOLANDY - LEGENDS ASSOCIATED WITH IT

First legend

Once it was in 1783, the governor of the region, Governor General P.S. Potemkin visited these places.

Driving along a dusty road, Potemkin saw a small settlement of only six farms on the banks of the Malka River.

It was summer, it was swelteringly hot. It was very cool in the settlement, located near the river, under the thick crowns of oak trees and dense green grass.

This is how the name of the village of Prokhladnaya arose.

And here is the second legend

Catherine the Great, traveling through the Caucasus, visited the village late at night.

No one came out to greet her, only the dogs barked.

And as a local poet said:

“And for the coolness of this meeting the cordon was named Cool!”

And here is how the local poet Irina Tuzova-Egorova, who was born in Prokhladny in 1959, praised our city.

And, descending from the Caucasus Mountains -

Pushkin Sasha passed by once.

And Tsarina Catherine did not speak at all in reproach,

Resting in the shade of the trees: “What a cool town!”

Where is it, how to get there

Prokhladny in Kabardino-Balkaria is the administrative center of the Prokhladnensky region and is considered a settlement of republican subordination. It is listed as an urban district of the municipality and is the only settlement included in its composition.

Prokhladny ranks 2nd in terms of the number of residents among the cities of Kabardino-Balkaria. According to the latest population census, in 2019, the number of residents was almost 58 thousand people. The residential density in Prokhladny is 1,650.03 people per square meter. km. The total area of ​​the city is 35.08 square meters. km.

Prokhladny is a cosmopolitan city, home to:

• Russians;
• Turks;
• Armenians;
• Germans;
• Koreans;
• Kabardians;
• gypsies;
• Ukrainians.

Due to the multinational composition of the population, several religious denominations have been formed here:

• Orthodox;
• Catholics;
• Sunni Muslims;
• Adventists;
• Baptists;
• apostolic Christians.

Geographic coordinates of the city: 43°45′26″ N. w. and 44°01′46″ E. d, the height of its center above ocean level is 208 m. The city is located in the northeast of the region, on the left bank of the Malka River and is located 50 km from the northeast side of the city called Nalchik. The length of the city from east to west is 11 km, from north to south – 4 km.

The main territory of the city is a forest-steppe zone with a relatively flat surface. The hills in some places rise to a height of 214 km above sea level. The Baksan River flows into a river called Malka, in the southeast of the republic. Downstream the Malki River, it flows into the Terek.

On the southern side of the city there are several deep lakes, the largest of which is called Komsomolskoye. On the northern side of the city is the Bolshoi Prokhladnensky Canal. There are various ways to get to the city.

By plane

The city does not have its own airport.

What to see in Kabardino-Balkaria - attractions and interesting places

The city of Prokhladny, Kabardino-Balkaria, does not have its own airport. You need to get to Nalchik by plane. The nearest airports that you can fly to, then get to Prokhladny by car or bus, are:

Prokhladny (Kabardino-Balkaria) is an important railway and road junction.

By train

At the address: Prokhladny city, st. Vokzalnaya, house No. 1, there is a railway station called “Cool”. It is located at a distance of 2.4 km from the city center. At a distance of 15.1 km from the center of Prokhladny, at the address: Maysky city, st. Zheleznodorozhnaya, house No. 120, is the Maysky railway station.

By bus

There is a large bus station in the city of Prokhladny. It is located 1.6 km from the city center at the address: Prokhladny, st. Gagarina, house No. 38. At a distance of 15.1 km from the center of Prokhladny, the Maysky bus station is located. Its location: Maysky city, st. named after May 9, house No. 162.

Routes on the map of Prokhladny. Transport infrastructure

The railway connection connects Prokhladny with the cities of Mineralnye Vody, Vladikavkaz, Gudermes, Grozny and others.

The public highway of federal significance A-158 , which has a length of 149 km and ends in the village of Elbrus, begins in the settlement.

On a bypass near the city of Baksan, the A-158 highway intersects with the federal highway P217 (M29) “Caucasus” .

There is also a bus station in Prokhladny, from which buses depart daily to Mineralnye Vody, Krasnodar, Kislovodsk and other cities.

Culture

The cultural center of the city is the City Palace of Culture. The main stage hosts the main events of the city, including productions by the People's Theatre. The Vinsovkhoz cultural center is located in the Vinsovkhoz microdistrict. Also on the territory of the city is the Intersettlement Palace of Culture “Vodnik”.

The city has a local history museum, which displays a large exhibition dedicated to the history and life of the Terek Cossacks. Next to the museum, on the street. Svoboda, 142 there is an art gallery “Renaissance”, where works of artists from the city of Prokhladny are presented.

Libraries

• TsBS MUK Intersettlement Library named after. V.V. Mayakovsky;
• TsBS MUK Library point No. 1.

Youth policy

• Volunteer movement "Volunteer".
• Resource center of the Federal program “Team 2018” in the city of Prokhladny.

Sights of the city Prokhladny

Using a map of Prokhladny with streets, it is easy to find the main attractions of the city.

• One of them is a memorial plaque built on the grave of the artillery regiment commander G.S. Bagirov, who died here in the battle with the fascist occupiers.
• The monument to the warrior motorists who died a brave death in 1941-1945 also reminds us of the days of the Great Patriotic War.
• The sculptural composition depicting the Melnikov and Vichirkin brothers, installed next to the railway workers' club, is dedicated to the teenagers who provided invaluable assistance to the soldiers of the Red Army during the Nazi occupation in the fall of 1942.
• In the Memory Square (Remzavodskaya Yama microdistrict) you can see a monument with an eternal flame, built in honor of the residents of Prokhladny, soldiers of the Soviet Army and cadets of the Poltava tank school who defended Prokhladny from the fascist invaders in 1942.
• In the local park there is a monument to Shora Bekmurzovich Nogmov, a Kabardian historian, poet and public figure.
• In memory of the people who, risking their lives, eliminated the consequences of the 1986 disaster, a monument to the Liquidators of the Chernobyl Nuclear Power Plant accident was erected in the city.

Main streets of Prokhladny

The main arteries of the city are clearly visible on the satellite map of Prokhladny. The most important of them are:

• Svobody street
• st. Pervomayskaya
• st. Golovko
• st. Karl Marx

While walking along Svoboda Street, located in the center of Prokhladny, you can see the monument to Lenin, visit the Museum of Local History, and go to St. Nicholas Cathedral.

Svoboda Street is crossed by Karl Marx Street, ending with a bridge over the Malka River.

Near Golovko Street, which runs parallel to the railway track, there is the Intercession Church, Memory Square, and a monument to motorist soldiers.

Within the city, the A-158 highway runs along the street. Pervomaiskaya.

Geography

The Prokhladnensky municipal district is located in the northeastern part of Kabardino-Balkaria and borders the lands of the Maysky and Urvansky districts in the south, the Baksansky district in the west, as well as the lands of the Kirov and Kursky districts of the Stavropol Territory in the north and the Mozdok district of North Ossetia in the east.

The area of ​​the Prokhladnensky municipal district is 1,341.97 km². The distance from the regional center (Prokhladny) to the capital of the republic (Nalchik) is 57 km.

Relief

The relief of land in the area is represented by an accumulative sloping plain, which has a weakly dissected and slightly undulating character, with a general decrease from northwest to southeast, in some places with a general gradual decrease from west to east. In some places, the microrelief is presented in the form of small oval closed depressions - saucers. The steepness of the slopes of the arable land ranges from 1° to 2°. Among the arable areas, areas with an almost ideal square shape predominate. In geomorphological terms, the territory of the region belongs to the flat zone of the republic. The soil cover is heterogeneous and is represented by southern chernozems, heavy soils - loamy, chernozem-low-humus, heavy-loamy, carbonate, rarely meadow-chernozem and others.

Hydrology

Of the rivers flowing through the region, the largest are: Malka, Baksan, Kurkuzhin, Baksanenok, Geduko, Shakoy and many small branches and channels, which are the main arteries for irrigation canals. Also in the region there is a developed network of irrigation canals and artificial reservoirs used to regulate canals. The largest canals in the region are the Canal named after. Lenin, Right Bank Canal and Prokhladnensky Canal.

Climate

The climate of the region, as in general in the flat zone of the republic, is humid and temperate. In summer, temperatures reach +27…+35 °C; in winter, temperatures can drop to −25 °C, but rarely drop below −10 °C. The humidification coefficient ranges from 0.22 to 0.26, which is significantly lower than the optimal one in the republic - 0.5. This is primarily due to the fact that the eastern part of the Prokhladnensky region is exposed to warm winds and hot winds blowing from the Nogai steppes and the Caspian lowland than the rest of the more elevated territory of the republic.

In general, climatic conditions are favorable for the cultivation of all zonal crops and perennial plantings, subject to irrigation. The growing season lasts 175-187 days, the sum of temperatures during this period is 3420 °C. The dominant winds are easterly directions, accounting for approximately 50% of the total wind time.

Minerals

In the Prokhladnensky region there are deposits of clay, sand-gravel mixture and construction sand, and there are also proven oil deposits.

Flora and fauna

The vegetation cover of the region consists of forests, meadows, and steppes. The area occupied by forest throughout the district is 54.76 km². The composition of forests by species is characterized by a predominance of broad-leaved species (oak, ash, alder, maple, etc.). The fauna of the area is rich in a variety of animals and birds. Wild boar, hare, fox, and weasel are common here. The most valuable birds are pheasant, partridge, hazel grouse, quail, and white swan. The lakes in the region are home to carp, carp, and grass carp.

Education

Secondary education

• MBOU secondary school No. 1 - st. Ovcharova, 66.
• MBOU Gymnasium No. 2 - st. Komarova, 50 "a".
• MBOU Lyceum No. 3 - st. Lenina, 19.
• MBOU Secondary School No. 4 “named after. A. G. Golovko" - st. Stroitelnaya, 272 "a".
• MBOU secondary school No. 5 - st. Lenina, 102.
• MBOU Gymnasium No. 6 - st. Lenina, 76.
• MBOU Secondary School No. 8 “named after. A. S. Pushkin" - st. Svobody, 172.
• MBOU secondary school No. 11 - st. Dzerzhinsky, 35.
• MBOU secondary school No. 42 - st. Malkinskaya, 64.
• MBOU Secondary School No. 102 “named after. A.V. Krestyaninova" - st. Vokzalnaya, 6.
• State Budgetary Educational Institution Boarding School No. 4 VIII type - st. Michurina, 33.
• GKOU Boarding School No. 6 - st. Sadovaya, 38.

Secondary vocational education

Prokhladnensky Technological College.

Higher education

• Terek branch of the Federal State Educational Institution of Higher Professional Education "Kabardino-Balkarian State Agricultural Academy named after. V. M. Kokova";
• Branch of the National Educational Institution of Higher Professional Education "Modern Humanitarian Academy".

Additional education

• Children's art school;
• Children's Art School;
• Center of children's creativity;
• Station for young technicians;
• Station for young naturalists;
• Interschool training center;
• Center for Additional Education for Children;
• Specialized children's and youth sports school of Olympic reserve in football.

Cities and villages

Nalchik

Nalchik is a republican center. The founding date of the city is considered to be 1822. Previously, in its place there was an aul of Toghlats, which grew by the beginning of the 19th century. to the administrative center of Kabarda. It was the residence of the Kabardian princes. For the defense of Nalchik, a fortress was built, the defenders of which were Russian soldiers.

Today Nalchik is the industrial, cultural and educational center of the republic.

Guests of the city can visit:

• Balneological and mountain climatic resort. Built on the outskirts of the city, next to the Belorechensky mineral springs. Silt mud from Lake Tambukan is also used for treatment.
• Nalchik city park. It contains rare plant species. There are tourist routes by cable car over artificially created reservoirs.
• Bolshaya Kizilovka is a 750 m high mountain with an equipped observation deck. There are walking healing routes there.
• House-museum of Marko Vovchok. The writer lived the last years of her life in this small house. The exhibition introduces the life and work of the Russian-Ukrainian writer.
• State United Museum of the Kabardino-Balkarian Republic. Introduces interesting pages of history, culture and traditions of the peoples inhabiting Kabardino-Balkaria. A large collection of national clothing and household items of the indigenous peoples of the republic is presented.
• Kabardino-Balkarian Museum of Fine Arts named after A. L. Tkachenko. A large collection of paintings, engravings, porcelain, watches, and clothing is presented. The museum has a large collection of works by Russian, Western and local artists.

Terskol village

Until the middle of the 20th century. on the site of the village of Terskol there was the Kochkarovsky farm - the ancestral village of the Balkars. In 1944, the inhabitants of the village were deported. People were able to return home in 1957. Today Balkars make up about 75% of the village's population. Terskol developed exclusively as a tourist center to serve vacationers in the Elbrus region. Terskol is one of the largest ski resorts in Russia. In addition to sports, you can watch:

• The monument to reporters and correspondents who died in the Caucasus was erected in memory of the tragic events of 1944.
• Military burial place of the fallen Soviet soldiers who fell in battle with the Edelweiss mountain division in September 1942.
• Museum of the Defense of the Elbrus Region - collected exhibits (photos, military maps, personal belongings) telling about the feat of Soviet soldiers who defended the Elbrus region during the Second World War.

In the village of Terskol, routes to natural attractions located in the area begin: the Maiden Spit waterfall, the Narzanov glade, the Adyr-Su gorge, the Djily Su tract, the Azau waterfall.

Chill

The city of Prokhladny is the second most populous city in Kabardino-Balkaria. There is a legend according to which the city owes its name to the governor of these places, P. Potemkin. Allegedly, in the summer he passed by the Malka River and stopped to rest in a small settlement. This place abounded in plants. The governor had a pleasant time in the shade of the trees and the coolness of the river and called this settlement Cool.

The history of the settlement began in 1765. Prokhladny was originally a Cossack village through which the postal route passed. He connected Transcaucasia with Russia. Today the city is a transport hub and a republican industrial center.

In the city you can see:

• Cathedral of St. Nicholas the Wonderworker. Built in the shape of a cross in 1886 on the site of a burnt wooden church. The decision on construction was made by all residents of Prokhladny at a general meeting.
• Memorial House-Museum of K. Sh. Kuliev. The exhibits tell about the life of the Balkar poet.
• Museum of History and Local Lore. Exhibits related to the history of the settlement from its formation to the present day have been collected. The collected materials tell about the fates of famous fellow countrymen: Admiral A. G. Golovko, heroes of the Soviet Union G. D. Voronchenko and N. M. Didenko and others.

Chill

Prokhladny is a city of republican subordination, the center of the Prokhladnensky district of the Kabardino-Balkarian Republic, located 60 kilometers north of the city of Nalchik on the Malka River (a tributary of the Terek River), a railway junction. Prokhladnaya station.

The village of Prokhladnaya was founded in 1765 in connection with the settlement of Cossacks-Cossacks here.

By the 19th century, the village was a Cossack outpost guarding the southern border of Russia. The entire population consisted exclusively of Little Russians. In church records for the years 1825-1897, the following names were found: Sereda, Radko, Golovko, Vovk, Klyuy, Shcherbak, which have survived to the present day.

In 1800, the government of the Russian Empire sent 400 peasants from the Voronezh province to the village.

In 1825, the settlement was given the name of a village for the second time, and “the residents were converted to Cossacks.”

In 1810 , an exchange yard was opened here; a postal route passed through the village, connecting Vladikavkaz and Georgia with Central Russia.

Residents of the village maintained close economic ties with the mountaineers.

In July 1875, the railway connecting Rostov and Vladikavkaz was put into operation; the Prokhladnensky railway junction had a noticeable impact on the development of the region's economy.

There were two churches in the village: St. Nicholas the Wonderworker (1886) and Pokrovskaya. There were educational institutions: a two-class school for Cossack children, a one-class school for nonresidents, and a parochial school.

Terek Cossacks lived in the village of Prokhladnaya. By 1917, the Terek Cossacks were transformed into a closed service class, which received their territory, rights to own land, water, and subsoil for free use.

Prokhladny is known for its revolutionary past. Its streets remember the turbulent events of the October Revolution of 1917 and industrialization. G.P. gave their lives for the happiness of the cool people. Borontov, N. Ostapenko, Esipko brothers.

In 1924, the North Caucasus region received a new administrative division. On March 22, 1924, in accordance with the decision of the III Kabardino-Balkarian Regional Congress of Soviets, the Primalkinsky district was formed with its center in Art. Soldatskaya. Three months later, the North Caucasus Regional Executive Committee transformed the Primalkinsky district into the Prokhladny district with subordination to the Terek province.

On February 17, 1932, the Prokhladnensky district , which in socio-economic terms gravitated toward Kabardino-Balkaria, by decision of the North Caucasus Regional Executive Committee finally became part of the Kabardino-Balkarian region. Prokhladnaya was transformed into a city of regional subordination, and in 1964

Prokhladny became the second (after Nalchik) city of republican subordination.

During the years of the pre-war five-year plans, the repair plant, state oil plant No. 2, the railway junction and a number of other enterprises of the city carried out a radical reconstruction. The workers of Prokhladny worked hard to ensure even greater prosperity for our state, but the treacherous attack of the Nazi invaders interrupted their peaceful creative work.

Thousands of sons and daughters of our city fought heroically on the fronts of the Great Patriotic War. 1,500 cool people were awarded orders and medals of the USSR for their courage and heroism. Many of the best sons and daughters of the city gave their lives in the fight against the enemies of our Motherland.

The current Prokhladny is one of the industrial centers of Kabardino-Balkaria. In terms of product output, it now ranks second after Nalchik.

The population of the city also increased. If in 1956 Prokhladny numbered only 34 thousand people, then at the beginning of 2008 the number of residents exceeded 65 thousand. Many types of products produced by coolers are sent to various regions of our country and to foreign countries.

The favorable natural and geographical position, the presence of transport links, labor resources, and reserve territory created favorable conditions for the rapid development of industry.