Industrial development
Initially, the population of the city of Orel consisted mainly of military personnel who faithfully served Russia, protecting the border from raids by Tatar troops. The city is located on the banks of the Oka River. Soon Orel became the center of infrastructure. Since the area is quite favorable, various plant crops grow well in these places. Therefore, it was here that most bread was produced, and the first sailing manufactories and spinning mills were opened. At that time, the population of Orel worked in light industry factories, thereby making an invaluable contribution to the development of the entire country.
Population
The city of Orel is a native Russian city. This is where 95% of people of Russian nationality live. But citizens of other countries also fell in love with this region and decided to settle here. Over the past few years, the population of Orel (the number of Russians) has begun to decline. And at the moment, 5% of the total population is made up of other nationalities. This 5% includes Ukrainians, Chechens, Belarusians and others. The total population for 2016 is about 319 thousand inhabitants.
The total area of the city is 122 square meters. km. There are about 2,650 people per square kilometer.
It cannot be said that all 4 regional centers are populated evenly. For example, the population in the Zavodskoy district is about 110,000 people, and in the Zheleznodorozhny district there are about 65,000 residents. The Soviet district became home to 82,000 citizens, the Northern region accommodated 68,000 people.
Unfortunately, in recent years, population migration has been acutely felt in Orel. In addition, the death rate in the city is increasingly exceeding the birth rate. The growth/loss today is only 5%. First of all, this indicator is influenced by mass divorces, and therefore the birth rate decreases. The younger generation tends to move to more promising cities, which is why the number of elderly people predominates in Orel.
Some analysts are inclined to argue that Orel today is in a real demographic hole.
But these are just numbers that, although they show facts, still cannot tell the full story about the population of this amazing city.
Orel is a city of students. There are many educational institutions located here. Young people from different countries receive education here. The only pity is that after this they all strive to leave the city as quickly as possible. Very few young specialists stay in Orel. The main professions are economics, computer technology, foreign languages and jurisprudence.
The population of Orel mostly consists of intelligent people with higher education.
A little history
The city was founded during the reign of Ivan the Terrible. Therefore, it is not difficult to calculate how old he is. Orel was built in the form of a powerful fortress, which was supposed to protect the border from foreigners. Over time, it turned out that the land here is very fertile. After some time, the population of the city of Orel began to increase rapidly. It began to be populated not only by the military, but also by nobles who contributed to the development of agriculture.
But besides all these functional purposes and advantages, Oryol turned out to be a very picturesque city. Nature was practically untouched; incredible landscapes surrounded this place. It was hard not to fall in love with these lands; many came here to admire the beauty of nature. And it is not at all surprising that thanks to the contemplation of this beauty, a large number of writers, poets and artists appeared. Thanks to such rapid development, Orel has become an indispensable unit of the country.
On what river is Oryol located?
11.04.2017
Everything in Orel is connected with the name of this proud and brave bird. During the founding of the city, an eagle flew down from the oak tree chosen for construction, and thus the idea of naming the fortress to protect the southern borders of Russia appeared. Did the waterway influence its location, on which river the city of Orel is located?
There is a version that in 1566, at the behest of Tsar Ivan Vasilyevich, a fortress city was founded to protect the southern borders of Rus' from attacks by the Crimean Tatars. It was founded at the confluence of the Oka and Orel (now Orlik) rivers, among the hills of the Central Russian Upland. According to another version, Ivan the Terrible could not have been the founder of the city. But its name could have arisen from the hydronym of the river.
The city lies on two watercourses, let's talk about the larger of them. The Oka is the largest tributary of the Volga, begins at an altitude of 226 m above sea level from a spring emerging near the village of Aleksandrovka, Oryol region. In the upper reaches it has a significant slope and therefore forms a kind of canyon - a narrow and high river valley.
At first Oka tends to the north, but having reached Kaluga and merging with Ugra, it changes its mind and turns east. Having reached Aleksin and Tarusa, she remembers that she was going north and returns to the original direction. But as a restless and curious nature, she cannot stand the chosen road for a long time and from the city of Protvino again turns east to Nizhny Novgorod and the Volga. The height of its mouth is 64 m above sea level.
The length of the Oka is 1500 kilometers, the average width of its floodplain is 2.5 km, the average depth is 2 m, the maximum on the fairways is up to 6 m, the average current is quite powerful, due to the large slope it is 0.5 m/s. In spring it overflows heavily, filling surrounding areas up to 5 km wide. The river receives 25 large tributaries and many smaller ones.
The origin of the name Oka is controversial. Recently, most scientists adhere to the version of its origin from the Baltic “Eye”, which has different meanings and is often found on maps of the Baltic states. All meanings are somehow related to water - ice hole, key, etc.
Until the 60s of the 19th century, Oka was navigable starting from Orel. Over time, the shipping boundary gradually moved downward. Today, local vessels sail along the reservoir near the city of Orel, smaller pleasure boats sail here and along the Oka River, but general shipping is maintained from the city of Kaluga. Since the middle of the 20th century, the river has been rapidly becoming shallow.
In Orel Oka you can ford in some places. The confluence of Orlik and Oka is a landmark of the city; in this place there is a memorial stele in honor of the founding of the city. The oldest and most famous sights of the city are located in Strelka.
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Attractions
Oryol is rich in sights. The population of the city worked tirelessly to create the unique atmosphere that reigns here today. There really is something to see in the city. It will not be possible to visit all the sights in a few days. First of all, you need to visit the Nikolo-Peskovskaya Church, the Archangel Michael and the Fomichevs’ house. These are old buildings from 1795, they are built of brick, incredibly beautiful, everyone should see them if possible. Some of these buildings house educational institutions that have their own famous alumni.
The surprising thing is that the appearance of the buildings has not been changed since their construction; they were preserved in their original form. These buildings were taken under state protection and are architectural monuments. To the surprise of everyone, not a single educational institution was closed or moved to another building. The city of Orel is famous for such establishments. The city's population also consists of students who have the opportunity to study in historically significant places.
The city of Orel has become a kind of cradle for famous people. Many of them were able to make a significant contribution to the history of the Russian state.
Katoykonyms and ethnohoronyms: differences in terms and rules of formation
Almost all sources claim that katoikonyms and ethnohoronyms are words identical in meaning. However, in this case, the question naturally arises: why does a language need two identical units? One of them must be redundant. However, there is a slight difference between the words.
The term "katoikonyms"
comes from the Greek words "κᾰτά" (according), "οἶκος" (dwelling) and "ὄνομα" (name).
That is, a name given to people who have the same home.
For example, a specific clan, settlement or community.
Another term, equally little known, is “ethnohoronyms”
.
The term comes from the Greek words "ἔθνος" (people), "χῶρος" (locality) and "όνυμα" (title, name). That is, the name of the people living in a certain area.
Katoykonyms are a less extensive concept than ethnohoronyms. However, in modern linguistic and philological practice, no distinction is made between concepts. A more common word is “katoikonyms”.
Orel - the city of inspiration
There are a large number of house museums throughout the city. The city of Orel is permeated with an incredible atmosphere of creativity. Its population was not only ordinary citizens. It was here that Bunin, Fet, Granovsky and Turgenev lived and worked. In addition to writers and historians, famous sculptors and artists were born here. Galleries and museums are dedicated to the work of these people, which are also worth visiting.
Residents of the city love a slow life and various types of walks. All conditions have been created for this here. The ideal place to spend free time is the “Noble Nest”. Another cozy place is the Turgenev gazebos. If a tourist is looking for peace and quiet, then he simply must visit the Oka and Orlik Spit. There are not many people here, so you can calmly enjoy relaxation and silence.
Oryol is also famous for its unusual architectural elements. The city's population is proud of its sculptures, one of which is an eagle created from wire and straw. But the residents did not stop there, and soon a whole series of similar works appeared. So the world saw a bear made of grass and so on. Despite all the difficulties it had to go through, the city retained its identity. Now it is a large industrial center.
Which city corresponds to the katoikonym “novotory”?
One of the most interesting katoikonyms is “novotory”.
Many people initially mistakenly call
the residents of Torzhok
“Torzhokites”. Despite the apparent obviousness of this name, it is incorrect. The correct katoikonym is “novotory”. Why?
In ancient times, Torzhok was called “New Torg”
. Even now, it is intuitively clear to anyone that Torzhok is associated with some type of trade. The modern name of the city means a trading area; it arose because the first inhabitants of the settlement were engaged in trade. In the course of historical development, the city was transformed in its name from “Torg”, “New Torg” to “Torzhets”, until it acquired its current meaning - “Torzhok”.
However, even after the new name of the city was fixed, local residents continue to be called in the old manner. Therefore, a man from Torzhok should be called “Novotor”, and a woman – “Novotorka”, despite the common misconception that the correct name is “Novotorets”.
Must-see sites
- Lenin Street. This is the main street of the city, and it is pedestrian, so you can walk along it calmly. While walking you can see very interesting buildings, beautiful architecture, and visit numerous cafes. There is a park adjacent to the street.
- Central park of the city of Orel. Harmony always reigns here. This place is loved not only by tourists, but also by the local residents of the city. There are always a lot of people in the park, but this does not spoil the atmosphere of calm and tranquility.
- Walk on a river bus. Anyone will be interested in looking at local species, especially since they will leave few people indifferent.
- Theater "Russian Style". The spectator is at the epicenter of the events, the hall has a capacity of 50 seats, so it is very difficult to get to the performance. It is best to book your tickets before arriving.
- Cathedral of the Archangel Michael (Assumption). The temple surprises with its beauty.
The city has several beaches, but due to active river transport, the water is polluted. It is not advisable to swim here, but you can sunbathe, because the beaches are well-maintained and have everything you need for relaxation. Oryol is a unique city, unlike others, a place worth visiting and relaxing in your soul.
The indigenous population of Orel tirelessly cares about its development and well-being.
annsedaya (15 thousand subscribers)
Famous Oryol colorist Anna Sedaya. To get fashionable hair coloring, Oryol girls line up several weeks and sometimes months in advance. In her profile header, Anna indicates that she left college for the sake of her dream. Her blog will be useful to anyone concerned about the topic of hair. Anna gives advice on home care and recommends effective products.
He doesn’t like arrogant, arrogant people, so he uses his own example to show polite, delicate communication with subscribers. Thanks to her fame in the professional sphere, she overcame the complex due to her surname.
“Sometimes our children's “pen” sets limits for us. The feeling of not being like everyone else is depressing. But the older you become, the more you realize that you are unique. And everything you have is unique,” Anna writes on her blog.
In her stories, the girl honestly shows the realities of everyday life - household chores that Oryol subscribers love so much.
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