The history of the city of Gryazi dates back to the 17th-18th centuries, and the year of its foundation is considered to be 1868. It is located 20 km from Lipetsk on the Matyr, a river whose banks were settled by the Eastern Slavs about a thousand years ago.
Where did such a dissonant name come from, what terrible name did this settlement almost receive during the Soviet years, and what to see in the city?
“What a mess!”
There is an interesting legend regarding the origin of the toponym. About eight years before the founding of St. Petersburg, the Great Reformer passed by the places where the city arose much later. At the end of the 17th century, he often traveled there, inspired by the plan for the construction of ships for the Azov Fleet.
And then the imperial carriage stopped, stuck in the rich black soil. Peter got out of the carriage and, being the owner of rare strength, pulled the vehicle out of the mud without any help. Hence the name of the village, on the site of which today stands one of the cities of the Lipetsk region.
However, the story is about how Pyotr Alekseevich shouted in annoyance, “What a mess!” during an unscheduled stop is just a legend.
Foundation of the city
A more truthful story, however, which does not shed light on the origin of the name Gryazi, dates back to the 60s of the XIX century, during the reign of Alexander II. Pavel Petrovich Melnikov, then Minister of Railways, began to fight the notorious Russian impassability. As part of this struggle, he developed a project for the construction of 14 large railways, one of which was supposed to pass by Dmitrievka (now Pervomaiskaya Street).
Already in the summer of 1968, passenger trains began operating. And the village located nearby was called Gryazi. Probably, it’s all about the black soil, which in slushy weather is not the most pleasant sight.
The village of Gryazi gradually turned into a large railway junction. From here trains went to Moscow, Orel, Rostov, Tsaritsyn (that is, Volgograd).
On the territory of the village there was a fairground, hotels, taverns, a wine warehouse, grocery stores, parish and private schools. About 1,500 thousand people lived in it.
In the photo of the city of Gryazi from the 19th century, of course, you won’t recognize the current regional center. The picture below shows the station of the same name.
And this is what the station in the city of Gryazi looks like today.
The history of this building begins in 1883. At the end of the 19th century it was one of the most beautiful railway stations in the country.
Lines to Borisoglebsk and Yelets stretched from Gryazi back in 1869.
People associated with the city
- Belyaev, Albert Andreevich (born 1928), Russian writer and publicist;
- Mukhortov Alexander Sergeevich (born March 03, 1946), Honored Worker of Culture R.F. Founder and director of the pop ensemble "Melody". The ensemble has the honorary title “People’s”.
- On August 24 (September 6), 1917, at the Gryazi station, the Russian historian and phenologist, Prince Boris Vyazemsky, was killed by soldiers. This happened after, on his order, in order to prevent new destruction of his Lotarevo estate, the bridge on the dam with a drainage over the Baygora River was dismantled. Previously, on his Lotarevo estate, Prince Vyazemsky was actively involved in charitable and educational work. In 1911 he built a reinforced concrete bridge across the Baygora River, in 1914 - a power plant, in 1915 - a new school in Korobovka.
The French actress, his great-niece, Anna Vyazemsky (1947-2017) wrote the novel “A Handful of People” (Grand Prize of the French Academy for the novel, Renaudo Prize, choice of lyceum students), allegedly based on the diary of the author’s great-grandfather, the fictional Prince Vladimir Belogorodsky, which he kept before he was killed in August 1917. The history of Belogorodsky partly coincides with the biography of Prince Boris Vyazemsky.
Soviet period and monuments
The name may not be the most sonorous, but it is much better than what was proposed by one party worker in 1938. This man wished that the city would bear the name of the “bloody dwarf” Nikolai Yezhov. And although among the local residents in that terrible year there were so-called enemies of the people, and almost all of them were shot, a vote held at the railway club showed that everyone liked the idea of a party apparatchik. They would try to oppose it.
Yezhov himself was soon also accused of treason. The muds have retained their historical name. By the way, in the same 38th settlement, and then 25 thousand people lived in it, received the status of a city.
20 years after the Great Victory, a monument to the “Unknown Soldier” was erected in the center.
Literally a few meters away is the main modern attraction of Gryazi. "Avenue of Heroes". The square was opened in 2000.
It occupies an area of 540 square meters. Consists of 19 memorial plaques with the names of soldiers, natives of the city of Gryazi.
Well, in the next photo there is a landmark that is in almost every Soviet city.
Gryazinsky Lenin was recently restored. He is smart, “gilded” and completely unlike the leader of the world proletariat.
Map
| Mud: cards |
Mud: photo from space (Google Maps) Mud: photo from space (Microsoft Virtual Earth)
| Mud. Nearest cities. Distances in km. on the map (in brackets along roads) + direction. Using the hyperlink in the distance , you can get the route (information courtesy of the AutoTransInfo website) | |||
| 1 | Petrovskoye (Tambov region) | 26 (32) | NE |
| 2 | Lipetsk | 26 (33) | NW |
| 3 | Borinskoe | 38 () | Z |
| 4 | Kind | 41 () | WITH |
| 5 | Usman | 51 (57) | YU |
| 6 | Dobrinka | 51 (60) | SE |
| 7 | Michurinsk | 57 (70) | NE |
| 8 | Zavoronezhskoe (Tambov region) | 59 (68) | NE |
| 9 | Khlevnoe | 66 (221) | SW |
| 10 | Zadonsk | 70 (84) | Z |
| 11 | Dmitrievka (Tambov region) | 71 (90) | NE |
| 12 | Upper Hawa (Voronezh region) | 73 (87) | IN |
| 13 | Mordovo (Tambov region) | 73 (95) | SE |
| 14 | Ramon (Voronezh region) | 76 (185) | SW |
| 15 | Lebedyan | 77 (87) | NW |
| 16 | Krivopolyanye | 80 () | WITH |
| 17 | Chaplygin | 83 (103) | WITH |
| 18 | Lev Tolstoy | 85 (246) | WITH |
| 19 | Pervomaisky (Tambov region) | 86 (125) | WITH |
| 20 | Red | 86 (158) | NW |
| 21 | Volya (Voronezh region) | 87 () | YU |
| 22 | Ertil | 94 (167) | SE |
| 23 | Dace | 96 (109) | Z |
| 24 | Panino (Voronezh region) | 96 (116) | YU |
| 25 | Dankov | 98 (115) | NW |
| 26 | Tokarevka (Tambov region) | 101 (130) | SE |
| 27 | Pokrovo-Prigorodnoye (Tambov region) | 102 () | IN |
| 28 | Builder (Tambov region) | 102 () | IN |
| 29 | Znamenka (Tambov region) | 102 (148) | IN |
| 30 | Novaya Usman (Voronezh region) | 103 (148) | YU |
a brief description of
The city is located within the Oka-Don Plain, on the river. Matyra (left tributary of Voronezh, Don basin), 30 km southeast of Lipetsk. Railway node
Territory (sq. km): 36
Information about the city of Gryazi on the Russian Wikipedia site
Historical sketch
It arose in the second half of the 19th century. as a village at the Gryazi station (opened in 1868) in connection with the construction of the Voronezh-Kozlovskaya, Orlovsko-Gryazskaya and Gryaze-Tsaritsynskaya railways.
Name after the neighboring village of Gryazi, founded in the 18th century; oikonym from mud “swamp, swamp”.
Workers' settlement of Gryazi since December 13, 1926. City since 1938.
Municipal indicators
| Index | 2001 |
| Demography | |
| Number of births, per 1000 population | 7.5 |
| Number of deaths, per 1000 population | 17.7 |
| Natural increase (decrease), per 1000 population | -10.2 |
| Standard of living of the population and social sphere | |
| Average monthly nominal accrued wages, rub. | 1933 |
| Average housing area per inhabitant (at the end of the year), sq.m. | 19.1 |
| Number of preschool institutions, pcs. | 9 |
| Number of children in preschool institutions, thousand people | 0.9 |
| Number of daytime educational institutions (at the beginning of the school year), pcs. | 13 |
| Number of students in daytime educational institutions, thousand people | 6.2 |
| Number of doctors, people. | 168 |
| Number of nursing staff, people. | 566 |
| Number of hospital institutions, pcs. | 3 |
| Number of hospital beds, thousand units | 0.7 |
| Number of medical outpatient clinics, pcs. | 5 |
| Capacity of medical outpatient clinics, visits per shift, thousand units. | 1.1 |
| Number of registered crimes, pcs. | 643 |
| Persons who committed crimes were identified, persons. | 604 |
| Economy, industry | |
| Number of enterprises and organizations (at the end of the year), pcs. | 374 |
| Construction | |
| Volume of work performed by type of activity “Construction” (until 2004 - volume of work performed under construction contracts), million rubles. | 179.1 |
| Commissioning of residential buildings, thousand sq.m. of total area | 5.7 |
| Commissioning of residential buildings, apartments | 50 |
| Commissioning of preschool institutions, places | 0 |
| Commissioning of educational institutions, places | 0 |
| Commissioning of hospital facilities, beds | 0 |
| Commissioning of outpatient clinics, visits per shift | 0 |
| Transport | |
| Number of bus routes (in intracity traffic), pcs. | 11 |
| Number of passengers transported by buses per year (in intracity traffic), million people. | 6 |
| Connection | |
| Number of residential telephone sets of the city public telephone network, thousand units. | 6.3 |
| Trade and services to the population | |
| Retail trade turnover (in actual prices), million rubles. | 706.6 |
| Retail trade turnover (in actual prices), per capita, rub. | 14332 |
| Public catering turnover (in actual prices), million rubles. | 24.7 |
| Volume of paid services to the population (in actual prices), million rubles. | 119.7 |
| Volume of paid services to the population (in actual prices), per capita, rub. | 2085 |
| Volume of household services to the population (in actual prices), million rubles. | 21 |
| Volume of household services to the population (in actual prices), per capita, rub. | 427 |
| Investments | |
| Investments in fixed assets (in actual prices), million rubles. | 84.7 |
| Share of investments in fixed assets financed from budgetary funds in the total volume of investments, % | 35.2 |
Data sources:
- Regions of Russia. Main characteristics of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation: statistical collection. Goskomstat of Russia. - M:, 2003.
Economy
Gryazi is an industrial suburb of Lipetsk.
Software "Gidroagregat". Factories: cultivator, machine-building "Spetselevatormelmash", sugar, food concentrates, etc.
Culture, science, education
18 km from Gryazi, in the village of Gudalovka (now Plekhanovo) G.V. was born. Plekhanov.
Museums, galleries, exhibition halls
Gryazinsky Museum of Local Lore 398000, Lipetsk region, Gryazinsky district, Gryazi, st. Red Square, 20 Phone(s): (47461) 7-4405
| Population by year (thousands of inhabitants) | |||||||
| 1897 | 1.7 | 1992 | 47.6 | 2007 | 46.5 | 2016 | 46.5 |
| 1931 | 10.6 | 1996 | 48.3 | 2008 | 46.5 | 2017 | 46.6 |
| 1939 | 25.9 | 1998 | 48.8 | 2010 | 46.3 | 2018 | 46.5 |
| 1959 | 34.4 | 2000 | 49.1 | 2011 | 46.8 | 2019 | 46.6 |
| 1967 | 37 | 2001 | 49.3 | 2012 | 46.7 | 2020 | 46.7 |
| 1970 | 41.3 | 2003 | 47.5 | 2013 | 46.4 | 2021 | 46.4 |
| 1979 | 42.6 | 2005 | 46.9 | 2014 | 46.2 | ||
| 1989 | 47.5 | 2006 | 46.6 | 2015 | 46.3 | ||
A few more photos of the city
Dirt is not dirty at all. Well maintained, clean, cozy. It does not have the charm of Russian antiquity that is found in merchant Yelets or spiritual Zadonsk, but it is beautiful in its own way.
True, in the March photos the Muds may seem gloomy.
Park named after Flerov
Memorial of Military Glory
Avenue of Heroes
Monument "Requiem for a Steam Locomotive"
Church of St. Nicholas the Wonderworker
Shopping center "Iceberg"
Matyra River
Culture Center
Cenotaph
Photos and attractions of the city of Livny, Lipetsk region
