Science city Chernogolovka - past, present and future

City in Moscow region, Russia

Chernogolovka

(Russian: Chernogolovka) is a town in Moscow region, Russia. The city center is located approximately 43 km (27 miles) northeast of the Moscow city limits and 59 km (37 miles) from Red Square. Its population in 2022 was 21,342.

History and etymology

Coat of arms (1993)
For the first time, the Chernogolov volost was mentioned among other palace villages and volosts in the spiritual letter (will) of the Great Moscow Prince Ivan Kalita (about 1339; according to other sources, 1336), written to his second wife, Princess Ulyana, before his trip to Horde, the successful completion of which the prince was not sure of. In the letter, the Grand Duke's clerk Kostroma, in the presence of the spiritual princely fathers - priests Ephraim, David and Theodosius, wrote from the words of the prince: "... and I give to my princess with her younger children Surozhik, Mushkova Mountain, Radonezhskoe, Beli, Vora, Chernogolovl ...". This was not Ivan Kalita’s first trip to the Horde, and once again he was overcome by heavy thoughts: the road to the Khan’s Headquarters seemed irrevocable. But it was necessary to go, because it was impossible to achieve full power without a label for a great reign. He was afraid not for himself, but for his relatives, he was afraid that enmity would develop between them; Therefore, when getting ready to go on the road, I wanted to weigh everything, provide for everything. Name of the volost Chernogolovl

formed from the personal name
Chernogolov
, that is, it indicates that this area belongs to a certain
Chernogolov
. The area was named after the Chernogolovka River, as well as the village of Chernogolovka.

It was first mentioned as the village of Chernogolovka in 1710. In 1956, construction began on a branch of the Institute of Chemical Physics and a village attached to it. In the 1970s, Chernogolovka became a Scientific Center of the USSR Academy of Sciences.

In 1975, Chernogolovka was transformed into an urban-type settlement, and in 2001 it received city status. In 2008, Chernogolovka was awarded the status of a science city.

In 2012, a representative of the scientific intelligentsia, Corresponding Member, won the election for mayor of the city. RAS V. F. Razumov, who resigned before the end of his term of office.

Recommendations

Notes

1. ^ a b c d f
   Law No. 11/2013-OZ
2. ^ a b
   https://chernogolovka.ru/about/index.ru.html?kk=bd15a3aad6
3. Federal State Statistics Service of Russia (2011). “All-Russian Population Census 2010. Volume 1" [All-Russian Population Census 2010, vol. 1]. All-Russian Population Census 2010 [All-Russian Population Census 2010]
   (in Russian). Federal State Statistics Service.
4. "26. The size of the permanent population of the Russian Federation by municipalities as of January 1, 2022.” Federal State Statistics Service. Retrieved January 23, 2022.
5. ^ a b c
   Law No. 61/2005-OZ
6. "On the calculation of time." Official Internet portal of legal information
   (in Russian). June 3, 2011. Retrieved January 19, 2022.
7. Post office. Information and computing center of OASU RPO. ( Post office
   ).
   Search for postal facilities ( Search for postal facilities
   ) (in Russian)

Sources

• Moscow Regional Duma. Law No. 11 / 2013-OZ of January 31, 2013 “On the administrative-territorial structure of the Moscow region,” as amended. Law No. 249 / 2019-OZ of November 29, 2022 “On amendments to the Law of the Moscow Region” On the administrative-territorial structure of the Moscow Region “”. Came into force the day after official publication (January 13, 2013). Published: “Daily News. Moscow Region,” No. 24, February 12, 2013 (Moscow Regional Duma. Law No. 11/2013-OZ of January 31, 2013. On the administrative-territorial structure of the Moscow Region.
  As amended by Law No. 249/2019-OZ of November 29, 2019.
  On amendments to the Law of the Moscow Region “On the administrative-territorial structure of the Moscow Region.”
  Valid from the day following the day of official publication (January 13, 2013).

• Moscow Regional Duma. Law No. 61 / 2005-OZ of February 28, 2005 “On the status and border of the Chernogolovka urban district,” as amended. Law No. 19 / 2010-OZ of March 11, 2010 “On amendments to the Law of the Moscow Region” On the status and border of the Chernogolovka urban district “”. Came into force on the date of official publication. Published: “Daily News. Moscow Region”, No. 42, March 10, 2005 (Moscow Regional Duma. Law No. 61/2005-OZ of February 28, 2005 On the status and border of the Chernogolovka urban district
  As amended by Law of March 11, 2010 No. 19/2010- OZ.
  On amendments to the Law of the Moscow Region "On the status and border of the Chernogolovka urban district"
  . Valid from the date of official publication.).

Territorial structure

Chernogolovka has no administrative division.

The city traditionally includes: institutions (northern part of the city), central part, microdistrict “Zarechye” (a new microdistrict to the southeast of the central part, which appeared just a few years ago, housing construction is actively underway, Beregovaya St.), cottage district “ Solnechnaya Polyana" (east of the microdistrict "On the Coast"), the "Lugovoy" microdistrict (southwest of or private sector (south of the central part) and the industrial zone ("23rd kilometer") - the southernmost part city, almost adjacent to the Moscow Small Ring and the territory of military unit 58172 (village Makarovo or “Noginsk-4”), which is part of the Municipal Formation “Urban District of Chernogolovka”.

At the same time, part (with an area of ​​​​about 15.5 hectares) of the industrial zone “23rd kilometer”, when the urban district of Chernogolovka was separated from the former Noginsky district in 2005, was left nominally within the Noginsky district and outside the city limits of Chernogolovka (it surrounds this area from the north, west and south); These industrial enterprises are a mineral water production plant (2.4 hectares), a distillery production plant (3.1 hectares), an alcohol storage facility (2.3 hectares), a brewery (7.2 hectares) and railway access roads. roads (0.4 hectares), address landmarks are given to them “Noginsky district, 5.5 km northwest of the village. Yamkino, industrial zone Noginsk-23, industrial site No. 1,” however, in advertising the products of these enterprises are indicated as being produced in Chernogolovka.

Chernogolovka city: attractions

Perhaps the town itself is the most interesting attraction! It has a very unusual layout: the western part of the city is occupied by residential areas, and the eastern part by scientific institutes, institutions and experimental sites. Unfortunately, access to most of them is closed to outsiders for obvious reasons.

Alas, no historical traces of the ancient village of Chernogolovka have been preserved here. Therefore, lovers of antiquity have absolutely nothing to do in this city. You won’t find any architectural masterpieces or monuments here either. The oldest buildings in Chernogolovka are post-war two-story houses. Basically, the science city is built up with typical late-Soviet “panel buildings”.

But Chernogolovka is rich in natural attractions. Directly next to the residential area is the Near Lake, and three kilometers to the north is the picturesque Far Lake. Any tourist will also be surprised by the local “Gerbil” - a rather high sandy hill, poured on the shore of a pond for the purpose of organizing a ski slope.

But on Semenov Avenue there grows an amazing Three-headed Pine - a tree with a triple trunk. It even became an adornment of the official city coat of arms of Chernogolovka.

The science

The city-forming enterprises of Chernogolovka are the enterprises of the scientific and production complex - the Scientific Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences in Chernogolovka (SCCH RAS). The Scientific Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences in Chernogolovka was created in 1956 and unites scientific organizations, scientific service and social organizations subordinate to the Russian Academy of Sciences: 7 research institutes of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Federal State Unitary Enterprise "Experimental Plant for Scientific Instrument Making", Federal State Unitary Enterprise Scientific and Technological RAS, Federal State Unitary Enterprise "Operation Directorate of the Scientific Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences in Chernogolovka" (FSUE "Operation Directorate of the Scientific Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences of the Russian Academy of Sciences"), a number of others. The average number of employees in institutions and enterprises of the Scientific Center for Chronology of the Russian Academy of Sciences is 4.9 thousand people.

Institutions of the Russian Academy of Sciences:

• institutes Institute of Solid State Physics RAS (ISSP RAS),
• Institute of Theoretical Physics named after L. D. Landau RAS (ITF RAS),
• Institute of Problems of Chemical Physics RAS (IPCP RAS),
• Institute of Experimental Mineralogy RAS (IEM RAS),
• Institute of Structural Macrokinetics and Materials Science Problems of the Russian Academy of Sciences (ISMAN),
• Institute for Problems of Technology of Microelectronics and High-Pure Materials RAS (IPTM RAS),
• Institute of Physiologically Active Substances RAS (IFAV RAS),
• Branch of the Institute of Energy Problems of Chemical Physics named after V. L. Talroze RAS (INEPCP RAS named after V. L. Talroze),
• Scientific and experimental base "Chernogolovka" of the Institute of Ecology and Evolution. A. N. Severtsov RAS,
• Laboratory of the Institute of Geochemistry and Analytical Chemistry named after. V. I. Vernadsky,
• Department of Applied Network Research of the Scientific Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences in Chernogolovka,

The Scientific Center in Chernogolovka of the Russian Academy of Sciences employs 22 corresponding members of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 259 Doctors of Science, and 653 Candidates of Science. The total number of employees of the center (including social institutions) is 4891 people.

When discussing the level of scientific research carried out in Chernogolovka, it is appropriate to refer to the opinion of Academician Zh. I. Alferov, who

Innovative activities are developed in the city.

Directions of scientific research

Main areas of research:

• chemical physics of combustion and explosion processes, formation and modification of polymers, biological processes and systems,
• kinetics and mechanism of complex chemical reactions,
• condensed matter physics,
• modern materials science,
• theoretical and mathematical physics,
• physical problems of micro- and nanoelectronics,
• pure substances and materials of electronic equipment,
• solid-flame combustion and self-propagating high-temperature synthesis (SHS),
• drug design,
• development of theoretical foundations for searching for mineral deposits.

North Lake

The main goal of our trip was North Lake. It is located outside the city, 4 kilometers from Chernogolovka.

Having passed through the city, we continued to move along the same Semenov Avenue. There was a forest on both sides of the road.

And then on the left side the forest opened up and a parking lot appeared. A little further on we could see the lake.

Behind the parking lot there is a summer cafe and a food stall.

We left the car in the parking lot and walked along the road.

Sand beach

The northern lake is long and narrow, stretching from west to east. It is a little less than a kilometer long and about 100 meters wide.

It was formed on the site of a sand quarry. Subsequently, the quarry was filled with water from the springs, and it turned out to be a forest lake.

The forest surrounding the lake on all sides is mixed, with a predominance of pine. There are blueberry and raspberry trees, although without berries.

There is a path around the entire lake. You can walk around the perimeter of the Northern Lake in an hour at a leisurely pace.

And we went around.

There are many developed places along the lake, with fire pits and logs. Surprisingly clean (this is what a city of scientists means; our Elk Island cannot boast of such cleanliness). In a couple of places, however, there was a pig farm, but mostly the forest and lake shore were clean.

Some come with tents

There weren't many people on the lake that September day, and we easily found a good spot.

The water was warm enough for swimming.

The descent into the water is gentle and sandy.

After swimming and having a snack we moved on

Bungee

Soon the circle was closed, and we went out to our car.

Education

In Chernogolovka there are five secondary schools, of which three are municipally subordinate: Municipal Educational Institution Secondary School No. 82 (since 1962, since 2008 the school has included primary school No. 79), Municipal Educational Institution Secondary School No. 75 (since 1980), Municipal Educational Institution Secondary School "Vesta" "(since 1993) and two non-governmental educational organizations: ANOO "New Chernogolovskaya School" (since 2022, founder - JSC) and the private institution "Non-profit educational institution "ShkolYar" (since 2013).

Among the students and graduates of schools No. 82 and No. 75 there are more than a dozen winners of the All-Russian and International Olympiads for schoolchildren in physics, chemistry, mathematics, and astronomy.

Higher education is represented only by a humanitarian non-state university - the Moscow Institute of Economics, Management and Law (MIEMP).

RAS institutes have licenses for postgraduate and doctoral studies.

At the ISSP RAS, ITP RAS, IPCP RAS and IPTM RAS, basic departments of the Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Moscow State University, and the Faculty of Physics of the Higher School of Economics have been opened.

Art school, sports school.

Transport

Chernogolovka has regular bus service with Moscow (buses No. 320 Moscow - Chernogolovka, No. 360 Moscow - Dubrovo from the Shchelkovskaya metro station from the Moscow bus station, travel time from 50 minutes (in the absence of traffic jams) to 2-3 hours (flight interval 15 —30 min., in the evening — 1 hour), from Chernogolovka from 5:00 to 22:30, from Moscow from 06:00 to 24:00), from Noginsk (No. 24, No. 24e, No. 25, average flight interval approx. 1 hour), buses to Dubrovo (No. 360), Makarovo and Ivanovskoye (No. 73), Fryanovo (minibus No. 31). There is an intracity circular route bus (No. 1Ch). Intracity and intercity taxis operate.

Passing through Chernogolovka there are also buses Moscow-Kirzhach and Moscow-Kolchugino, which do not officially stop in the city (unofficially they stop not at the bus station, but “at the ring” - the intersection of Institutsky Prospekt and Tsentralnaya Street).

What's interesting in the surrounding area?

Those who are determined to explore this region comprehensively and deeply can be advised to take a tour of the outskirts of Chernogolovka. After all, there is also something to see there!

First of all, it is worth noting the village of Makarovo, which is located three kilometers west of the science city. The beautiful brick temple of St. Nicholas the Wonderworker, built almost 500 years ago, has been preserved here. Another ancient temple (Church of John the Baptist) is located in the village of Ivanovskoye. Its age, however, is not so respectable: the year of construction is 1903.

Another interesting place in the vicinity of Chernogolovka is the village of Stromyn. This village has existed at least since 1379, when it was mentioned in the Nikon Chronicle. It was through this village that the historical Stromynskaya road passed, which once connected Moscow with the Suzdal lands.