Brief historical background
The first Slavic settlements on the territory of the municipal formation - Rybnovsky district began to appear in the 11th-12th centuries.
This is evidenced by fragments of ancient Russian pottery ceramics, iron knives, forged nails, and iron slag found as a result of archaeological excavations. Slavic tribes of the Vyatichi lived on the territory of the Rybnovsky district from ancient times. Their main occupation was arable farming and cattle breeding.
The first information about the emergence of the village of Rybnoye is unknown. The “Scientific Notes” of the Ryazan State Pedagogical Institute gives an accurate and substantiated definition of the name of the settlement: “The people captured in the name Rybnoe the local wealth of the region - the abundance of fish.”
The first written mention of Rybnoye dates back to 1523, in which “Vasily III gives a letter of non-conviction to Semyon Ivanovich Korobin for his estate: the villages of Sreznevo, Karino, Rybnoye with villages.”
In 1613, one half of the village was owned by Semyon Gavrilovich Korobin, and the other by his brother, Ivan Korobin. In the village there was the Church of St. Nicholas the Wonderworker, buildings of clergy. In both parts there were 15 peasant and bobyl households, in which 63 males lived.
In 1634, Rybnoye was completely devastated and burned by the Crimean Tatars during their last raid on Ryazan land. But the village was reborn again. In 1646 there were already 19 courtyards, in which 40 people lived. The village was still owned by Semyon Korobin, and then by his wife, the widow Mavra Ivanovna with two daughters.
In 1677, the village was in the possession of the steward of Prince Prokhor Grigorievich Dolgorukov and the boyar Pyotr Vasilyevich Sheremetyev. By this time, there were 37 households in Rybnoye with a population of 175 people.
In the 16th-17th centuries, on both banks of the river. Vozha from r. The fortified guard line of the Moscow State, the Vozhskaya Zasek, ran through Oka through Rybnoye to Glebov Settlement. The abatis were made in order “to take away the entry into our state from the Busurmans, from the Crimean and Nogai military people, and to take away the Orthodox peasants from the wars and not to hand them over into captivity or plunder.” At the beginning of the 17th century, the head of the abattoir defensive line of the Moscow state was the famous Russian commander, governor of the city of Zaraysk, Dmitry Mikhailovich Pozharsky. The Vozhskaya zaseka was the closest to Moscow, and therefore the most important defensive feature of the Moscow state. It is now impossible to see all the fortifications of the Vozhskaya abatis. They rotted and collapsed long ago, and the ramparts, pits, ditches and ditches collapsed and fell asleep. Nowadays, only the remains of ramparts and ditches have survived from the once formidable and complex defensive system. In the second half of the 18th century, by decree of Catherine II, nobles were awarded lands and peasants for their service. The village of Rybnoye was donated to Prince Volkonsky Mikhail Petrovich.
In the 19th century, the village of Rybnoye was in the possession of Prince Volkonsky and his son-in-law Lvov. In the village At that time, there were 197 farms in Rybny, in which 1,276 people lived. In 1842, a parochial primary school was opened for the first time in the village of Rybnoye. In 1895, a zemstvo school was built, which was located on Shkolnaya Street.
The construction of the Moscow-Ryazan railway in 1864 was of great importance for the development of the village of Rybnoye and improving the lives of peasants. It was built by large capitalist entrepreneurs Von-Meck and Von-Derviz.
In 1899, the first half of the village of Rybnoye belonged to the court councilor Vladimir Aleksandrovich Dokudovsky, and the second half belonged to Mrs. Ekaterina Nikolaevna Gorn.
In 1905, the village of Rybnoye was the center of the Rybnovsky volost.
In 1917, in the village of Rybnoye, as well as in the Ryazan province, Soviet power was established without casualties or bloodshed. Two village councils were created in the village - in Volkonsky and Lvov communities.
In 1929, the Rybnovsky district was organized. In 1961, Rybnoye received the status of a city of regional subordination.
The Rybnovsky district has always been one of the leading in the Ryazan region in the production of agricultural products. Even in the pre-war years, the Rybnovsky, Novoselsky, Fedyakinsky, Vakinsky peasants were famous for their ability to work the land, farm livestock, grow gardens and produce honey. In 1939, they successfully participated in the All-Union Agricultural Exhibition and received high praise and awards.
During the Great Patriotic War, Rybnovtsy gave all their strength, all their means to help the Red Army, to defeat fascism. In 1944, for selfless work and invaluable assistance to the country in defeating the enemy, the State Defense Committee of the USSR awarded the Rybnovsky district, the winner in the All-Union Socialist Competition, the challenge Red Banner and handed it over for eternal storage. Only 15 regions of the country were awarded such a high honor.
During the war years, the entire Soviet Union was aware of the labor feat of women tractor drivers under the leadership of Daria Matveevna Garmash. Hero of Socialist Labor, Laureate of the USSR State Prize, Honored Machine Operator D.M. Garmash managed the Rybnovskaya MTS (RTS, district agricultural machinery) for more than 30 years, having done a lot to transform the village of Bagramovo.
The natives of the Rybnovsky district are many notable people who have left their mark on domestic and world science, culture, and art. Among them is the great Russian poet S.A. Yesenin, singers and artists of the Bolshoi Opera and Ballet Theater brothers Grigory and Alexander Pirogov, scientist and physiologist I.T. Glebov, poet and artist P. Radimov, writer S.F. Budantsev, Admiral V.S. Sysoev and others.
Important events are associated with many villages in the region.
In the village Aleshnya was born to the mother of Peter I, Natalya Kirillovna Naryshkina.
In the village Seltsy, which is located on the left bank of the river. Oki, in 1943 the first Polish division named after Tadeusz Kosciuszko was formed. Near the village of Glebovo-Gorodishche in 1378, a battle took place that marked the beginning of the liberation of Rus' from the Tatar-Mongol yoke. In 2003, in honor of the 625th anniversary of the victory at Vozha, a monument - a stele - was erected on a hill near Glebov-Gorodishche. Since then, every year in early August, celebrations are held here, during which historical clubs reenact the battle.
Former s. Gorodishche (now the village of the All-Russian Scientific Research Institute of Horse Breeding) is one of the most interesting places in the Rybnovsky district. The Institute is the world's only scientific center for horse breeding. He is engaged in a wide range of research, affecting almost all aspects of hippological science. The institute houses a museum, the exhibition of which tells about the history of horse breeding, the importance and main directions of modern horse breeding, various breeds of horses, the peculiarities of their breeding and care.
The Beekeeping Research Institute is located in the city of Rybnoye, which provides methodological guidance and coordinates the work of 65 scientific institutions and educational institutions dealing with the problems of breeding, selection and improving the technology of production of beekeeping products
The population of the Ryazan region is decreasing, and some areas are already inferior in population to large villages.
Back on January 25, Ryazanstat announced its estimate of the population of the Ryazan region by the beginning of 2022: 1 million 114 thousand 312 people. This figure was obtained based on previous estimates and the results of the 2010 census, to which all births were added and from which all deaths were subtracted, and also took into account population movements.
In 2022, 16 thousand 389 people officially moved to the Ryazan region (excluding illegal immigrants) from other regions of Russia, and 17 thousand 887 people officially left for other parts of the country. International migration amounted to 4,324 arrivals and 3,375 departures, and almost 98% was the movement of citizens of other CIS countries.
Depopulation
The term "Depopulation" means a decrease in population. There is a stereotype in the public consciousness: until the 1990s, the population grew, and then began to decrease. This is true, but for Russia as a whole. But in the Ryazan region the population is declining all the time; now it is at the level of 1954. Here are the data from all censuses over the last 60 years:
- 1959 - 1 million 444 thousand 755 people;
- 1969 - 1 million 411 thousand 590 people;
- 1979 - 1 million 361 thousand 839 people;
- 1989 - 1 million 345 thousand 924 people;
- 2002 - 1 million 227 thousand 910 people;
- 2010 - 1 million 154 thousand 114 people.
The region's population declined even when the birth rate was higher than the death rate. Why? Because the Ryazan population migrated. The children grew up, went to study outside the region and stayed there. Various good specialists left for a better life in Moscow, other big cities, as well as all sorts of large ones, where salaries were higher. The countryside was especially deserted: in 1959, 70% of Ryazan residents lived there, in 1979 - already 42%, and in 2010 - 29%.
Loneliness of a large circle on the map
It is interesting that among our neighbors this process was more “softer”. Here are the statistics on this matter.
There are five cities with a population of over 50 thousand people in the Tula region (Tula, Novomoskovsk, Donskoy, Aleksin, Efremov), in the Vladimir region - five (Vladimir, Kovrov, Murom, Alexandrov, Gus-Khrustalny), in the Nizhny Novgorod region - seven (Nizhny Novgorod , Arzamas, Dzerzhinsk, Kstovo, Sarov, Vyksa, Pavlovo), in the Penza region - three (Penza, Kuznetsk, Zarechny). There are two such cities even in Mordovia (Saransk, Ruzaevka), Tambov (Tambov, Michurinsk) and Lipetsk regions (Lipetsk, Yelets).
And only Ryazan is alone in its region: only 30.7 thousand people live in the second largest city in the region, Kasimov.
Moscow and Ryazan “people suckers”
In the 20th century, Ryazan worked like a large mechanism for sucking residents out of the countryside - a “people sucker”. It was in Ryazan that, from the late 1950s, large industrial enterprises and tens, and then hundreds of thousands of square meters of housing began to be built annually.
From 1959 to 1979, the city more than doubled (from approximately 215 to 453 thousand people). And even in the 1990s, when the crisis began and the factories stopped, people still flocked to the regional center.
In 1991, 527 thousand people lived in it, and in 1999 - 531 thousand. After that, from 2002 to 2009, the population decreased little by little (to 510 thousand in 2009), but then the graphs shot up again: by 2022, there were 538 thousand 962 residents of Ryazan.
But in the outback everything is still bad. Agriculture is developing, and where 200 collective farmers previously worked, now 40 employees of a branch of an agricultural holding can cope - and they produce not less, but more. Where do the rest go? Old people die, young people leave.
For example, by the beginning of 2022, only 5,158 people lived in the Pitelinsky district. The whole region had less population than the village of Polyany alone (6623 people) near Ryazan! District centers, one after another, become “two-thousanders”: in Zakharov during the 2010 census there were 2,739 residents, in Chuchkovo (already in 2017) - 2,619, in Pitelin - 2,043.
Through the spacious fields and forests of the eastern part of the Ryazan region, you can drive an SUV for many kilometers and not see a single soul. On topographic maps, next to the names of villages, the following is increasingly written in parentheses: “non-residential.”
The turning point will come if...
But the situation can be fixed. The economic factors that have depopulated the Ryazan region have been in effect for the last decade. We are seeing more and more people, no matter where they live, working remotely using the Internet. And it’s not just programmers: even good fashion designers have started selling their exclusive clothes through online stores. If by 2030 Russia does become a digital country, many salaries in the city and countryside will be equal - because the employer most often will not even know where his “remote employee” lives.
But one more factor will remain: convenience of life. As long as there are no good roads, good communications, gas supply, schools and kindergartens, hospitals, service services, or various retail outlets in rural areas, there will be no revival of the village. Today’s axiom “First, residents of a populated area need to earn money in order to then live well” will be replaced by a new truth - “If the residents of a populated area do not live well, soon there will be no one there to earn money.”
There is a “Sustainable Development of Rural Territories” program that is updated every few years, both federal and regional. They provide for large investments in rural infrastructure: roads, first aid stations, sports facilities. Of course, when looking at most villages away from federal highways, it becomes clear that there is no end to the work.
In April 2022, a meeting was held in Ryazan on the implementation of the national project “Demography” in the region, at which Governor Nikolai Lyubimov said that funding for this project until 2024 would amount to 9.9 billion rubles.
We will be able to see where all this will lead in 2021-2024. By this time, according to the authorities' calculations, earnings in young families should increase and the birth rate should rise.
Status
Municipal entity - Rybnovsky municipal district is an independent municipal entity within the Ryazan region.
The Rybnovsky district was formed in 1929 on the basis of the Decree of the All-Russian Central Executive Committee of January 14, 1929.
By the Decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Council of the RSFSR of December 26, 1962 “On the consolidation of rural areas, the formation of industrial districts and changing the subordination of districts and cities of the Ryazan region,” the Rybnovsky district was liquidated, and its territory was transferred to the Ryazan agricultural region.
The Rybnovsky district in its current form was re-established by the Decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the RSFSR on January 12, 1965.
The charter of the municipal formation - Rybnovsky municipal district was adopted by the decision of the Rybnovsky District Duma of August 26, 1996 No. 63 (as amended by the decisions of the Rybnovsky District Duma of 01/11/2012 N 588, of 05/30/2012 N 43).
Rybnovsky district of the Ryazan region
Background
In the pre-Slavic era, the territory of the modern Rybnovsky district was at the junction of cultures. This is evidenced by archaeological monuments: in the north-eastern part of the region - the Vysoky burial ground near the village of Kuzminskoye on the Oka and an ancient settlement near the village of Vakino, both monuments belong to the Gorodets culture, associated with the ancient Finno-Ugric population, as well as in the south-western part of the region - Artsybashevskoye a settlement on the Osetr River, which is associated with the Saltovo-Mayak culture[3], characteristic of the steppe Turkic population of the Khazar Kaganate.
Old Russian period, Grand Duchy of Ryazan
Since the 9th century, the territory inhabited by the Erzi region has been actively populated by the East Slavic tribal union of the Vyatichi. The local Finno-Ugric population is forced out or assimilated. The Zheleznitsky (sometimes Zaraisky) treasure of silver weighing more than three pounds was found near the village of Zheleznitsy on the Osetra River in 1855. Local merchant A.P. Bakhrushin handed over the find to the Moscow Society of History and Russian Antiquities. The composition of the Zheleznitsa treasure: 258 Kufic, mainly Abbasid, dirhams of the second half of the 9th century, two neck torcs, six bracelets, five earrings, eight temple rings. Ray earrings (temporal rings) from Suprut and the Zheleznitsky treasure belong to the second stage of development, during which there was an active search for new forms and combinations of elements, as evidenced by the variety of types of jewelry [4]. Early radial temporal rings, which served as prototypes for the seven-rayed and seven-lobed jewelry of the Radimichi and Vyatichi, are of Danube origin[5].
In the 11th century, the Principality of Chernigov was formed.
In the 12th century, the Murom-Ryazan principality was separated from the Chernigov principality, and later the Ryazan principality. On the lands of the future Rybnovsky district, the first ancient Russian cities appeared: Borisov-Glebov (near the modern village of Vakino) and Glebov (near the modern village of Glebovo-Gorodishche).
In the 13th century, the Ryazan principality experienced significant damage from the Horde expansion. The city of Borisov-Glebov was destroyed. In the 14th century, the Ryazan Principality became dependent on the Moscow Principality. In 1378, near the city of Glebov, the famous battle took place on the Vozha River between the troops of the Moscow prince and the Horde military leaders. In Russian historiography, it is customary to cover the Battle of Vozha as a battle between Russian and Horde troops, but this is not entirely true. At that time there was no single Russian army; the same Ryazan prince Oleg Ivanovich was at enmity with the Moscow prince Dmitry Ivanovich and did not support him in this battle.
In the 15th century, the lands of the Ryazan principality finally came under the control of the Moscow princes and subsequently became part of the unified Russian state.
During the periods of the Russian Tsardom and the Russian Empire
Since the 16th century, the territory of the modern Rybnovsky district has been part of the Okologorodny camp of the Ryazan district. In the same century, the village of Rybino (later Rybnoye) was mentioned for the first time in scribe books.
In the 16th-17th centuries, the defensive line Vozhskaya Zaseka ran along the banks of the Vozha, the purpose of which was to protect the Russian state from attacks by nomadic peoples from the south. By the end of the 17th century, due to the significant expansion of Russian borders to the south, the Vozhskaya zaseka lost its significance.
At the beginning of the 18th century, Peter I carried out a large-scale administrative reform. The state is divided into 8 huge provinces, which in turn are divided into provinces. The lands of the future region are part of the Pereslavl-Ryazan province of the Moscow province. At the end of the 18th century, Catherine II carried out another reform, separating the Ryazan governorship from the Moscow province. Later, Emperor Paul I would rename the governorships into provinces and introduce division into volosts. The village of Rybnoye will become the center of the Rybnovsky volost of the Ryazan district of the Ryazan province.
In 1864, a key event for the future of the region happened - the opening of the railway connecting Ryazan and Moscow; in the same year, Rybnoye and Divovo stations were opened.
In 1895, the great Russian poet Sergei Aleksandrovich Yesenin was born in the village of Konstantinovo, who later became a symbol not only of the Rybnovsky district, but also of the Ryazan region in general.
In the Soviet and post-Soviet periods
In 1929, the Ryazan province was abolished, its territory became part of the enlarged Central Industrial Region with its center in Moscow, the Ryazan district was transformed into the Ryazan district, and 27 districts were formed within the district, including Rybnovsky.
The Rybnovsky district initially included the following village councils of the former Ryazan province:
- from Zaraisky district: from Grigorievskaya volost: Ilyinsky, Kozlovsky
- from Bakhmachevsky volost: Aleshinsky, Bulyginsky, Zhelchinsky, Palnovsky, Svistovsky
On May 20, 1930, the Sreznevsky village council was transferred from the Lukhovitsky district to the Rybnovsky district. On July 30, the Ryazan district was abolished and the district became directly subordinate to the Moscow Regional Executive Committee[6].
In accordance with the decree of September 26, 1937, the Tula and Ryazan regions were separated from the Moscow region. Rybnovsky district became part of the newly formed Ryazan region.
In 1947, Rybnoye received the status of a working village, and in 1961 - the status of a city. During the Soviet period, Rybnoye significantly increased its area and population; the city included the former village of Poltevo and part of the village of Khodynino.
From 1963 to 1965, during the failed all-Union reform to divide into rural and industrial areas and party organizations, in accordance with the decisions of the November (1962) plenum of the CPSU Central Committee “on the restructuring of the party leadership of the national economy,” the region was among many in the USSR temporarily abolished (enlarged)[7].
In 1995, village councils were replaced by rural districts, and in 2006, rural settlements were created.
History of the coat of arms
The coat of arms of the Rybnovsky district was approved at a meeting of the Rybnovsky District Duma by decision of January 11, 1999 No. 134 and registered in the State Heraldry, registration number 432.
Description of the coat of arms: “In a beveled green and azure (blue, cyan) field on top of a longitudinally dissected silver, green and silver baldric there is a scarlet (red) tarch, covered with a silver sword (in the left baldric) crosswise with a saber with a golden hilt split in the middle (in the right a sling), the tip of which is overturned; The tarch is accompanied in a green field by three golden bees (two and one), and in an azure field by a silver horseshoe with spikes upward, from which a golden ear emerges. In the golden free part with a rounded corner there is an old green prince’s hat with a black sable edge, above which there is a golden decoration (“town”) with a scarlet semi-precious stone.”
By decision of the Rybnovsky District Duma of May 26, 2010 No. 334, the flag of the Rybnovsky municipal district was approved.
Description of the Flag: “A rectangular panel with a width to length ratio of 2:3, along the shaft of which there is a vertical yellow stripe, 1/4 wide of the length of the panel, with an image in the upper part of an old green princely cap with a black edge, above which there is a yellow decoration ( "town") with a red semi-precious stone. The rest of the panel reproduces the composition of the coat of arms of the Rybnovsky municipal district in green, blue, red, white and yellow.”
Administrative division
The territory of the Rybnovsky municipal district includes the territories of municipalities:
a) the territory of the Rybnovsky urban settlement;
b) territories of rural settlements:
— Aleshinskoye rural settlement (village Aleshnya). Settlements: s. Aleshnya, s. Bulygino, s. Zhelchino. village Zelenino, village Krasny Poselok, village. Meadows, s. Nogino, Pokrovka village.
— Bagramovskoye rural settlement (Bagramovo village). Settlements: Bagramovo village, Valishchevo village, Zeleninskie Dvoriki village, Voinyukovo village, Larino village, Manturovo village, village. Goryainovo.
— Baturinskoye rural settlement (village N. Baturino). Settlements: Novoye Baturino village, Vyselki village, Vysokoye village, Nagornoye village, Staroye Baturino village, Staroye Veselevo village.
— Bolshezhokovskoe rural settlement (B. Zhokovo village). Settlements: s. Bolshoye Zhokovo, Boychitsy village, Barinovo village, Bortniki village, Zheleznitskiye Vyselki village, Zheleznitsy village, Maloe Zhokovo village, Sinkovo village, Sitkovo village, Taychiny village, Filippovo, Cherneevo village.
— Vakino rural settlement (Vakino village). Settlements: s. Vakino, Ivashkovo village.
— Glebkovskoye rural settlement (Glebkovo village). Settlements: Glebkovo village, Divovo village, Sreznevo village.
— Istobnikovskoye rural settlement (village of Istobniki). Settlements: s. Sources, Golenkino village, p. Letovo, Romantsevo village, Sidorovka village, Shishkino village.
— Kozlovskoye rural settlement (village of Zhitovo). Settlements: s. Zhitovo, village Ilyinskoye, Kozitsyno village, Kozlovka village, Kostenkovo village, Fursovo village, Yurkino village.
— Komsomolskoye rural settlement (Komsomolsky village). Settlements: Komsomolsky village, Bogoslovka village, village. Borisovskoye, s. Krupniki, Malyshevo village, Trebushki village, Shchekotovo village.
— Kuzminskoye rural settlement (Kuzminskoye village). Settlements: s. Kuzminskoye, Aksenovo village, Danilovo village, Ivanchino village, village. Konstantinovo.
— Markovskoe rural settlement (village Markovo). Settlements: Markovo village, Ablovo village, Akhmylovo village, village. Bortnoye, s. Volyn, Elizavetinka village, Zubovo village, Podlug village, Putkovo village, Sloboda village.
— Novoselsky rural settlement (Novoselki village)
— Palnovskoye rural settlement (Palny village). Settlements: s. Palnye, s. Glebovo-Gorodishche, Svistovo village.
— Pionerskoye rural settlement (Pionersky village). Settlements: Pionersky village, Barakovo village, Bolshoye Aleshino village, Vereykino village, Kalinovka village, Kachanovo village, Kitaevo village, Klishino village, Maloye Aleshino village, Petrovskoye village, Sapkovo village, Slivkovo, s. Tokarevo, s. Khodyaynovo.
— Poshchupovo rural settlement (village Poshchupovo). Settlements: s. Poshupovo, s. Kostino, Krivonosovo village, Kudashevo village, Medvedevo village, village. Okaemovo, Romodanovo village.
— Seletskoye rural settlement (Seltsy village)
— Fedyakinskoe rural settlement (Fedyakino village). Settlements: s. Fedyakino, Ramenki village, Cheshuevo village.
— Khodyninskoye rural settlement (Khodynino village). Settlements: s. Khodynino, s. Gorodishche, village of Perekal.
— Churilkovskoye rural settlement (village of Churilkovo). Settlements: Churilkovo village, Brazhkino village, village. , Demidovo village, Staroletovo village, Chemrovo village, Shushpanovo village.
— Shekhminskoe rural settlement (Shekhmino village).
Climate, minerals, water resources, soils, forests
The climate of the region is temperate continental, with warm summers and moderately cold winters with clearly defined seasons. The average t° in January is –11°, the average t° in July is 18.5° – 19°. The duration of the frost-free period is about 140 days. The average annual precipitation is about 500 mm, the maximum amount occurs in the summer, 25-30% of precipitation falls in the form of snow. Stable snow cover lasts from 135 to 145 days, its height reaches 30-40 cm. The wind regime is characterized by the absence of strong winds and the predominance of weak winds with a transition to moderate ones, the average annual speed of which does not exceed 4-5 m/s.
Minerals. The area has reserves of limestone and sand, which are used in construction. There are small reserves of brown coal.
Water resources are determined by the rivers - Oka, Vozha, Mecha. On the territory of the region there are large lakes: Staritsa, Krugloye, Selishche, large reservoirs: Palnoe, Mecha, Kleshchevaya, Serenka. The area of each reservoir is about 0.5 km.
The soils of the region are represented by various types of soils. Dark gray and light gray forest soils are most widespread here. In the north of the region, the predominant type is soddy-podzolic soils of varying degrees of podzolization and different mechanical composition, as well as various modifications of bog soils.
Forests occupy approximately 25% of the territory of the Rybnovsky district in its northeastern part. Indigenous broad-leaved forests including oak, maple, linden, elm, and ash are preserved in fragments in the southern part of the region, mainly along river valleys, ravines and ravines. The northern part of the region, composed mainly of sand, is characterized by significant forest cover. Indigenous pine and small-leaved pine subtaiga forests with an admixture of broad-leaved species have been preserved here.
Transport
Municipal entity - Rybnovsky municipal district has a developed network of public roads. The district center is located 18 km from the regional center. The territory of the district is crossed by the Ryzan-Moscow and Ryazan-Moscow railway lines.
In the city of Rybnoye there is a large railway junction with an expanded marshalling yard, the leading enterprise in Russia - Locomotive Depot, Wagon Depot, station. Rybnoe and other important railway services.
The city of Rybnoye does not have its own auto company, so it uses the services of third-party carriers. Buses and minibuses operate one city route, 9 intermunicipal routes, and 10 intramunicipal routes. In addition, enterprises use company buses to transport their workers.
Rybnovsky district
Social sphere
Healthcare
The healthcare sector of the municipal formation - Rybnovsky municipal district includes:
Education
Preschool education. In the Rybnovsky district there are 10 municipal preschool educational institutions (922 children), 2 non-state preschool institutions (244 children), 3 groups at secondary schools (54 children) in which there are 1220 pupils, which is 135 more than in 2013. General education. As of 2014, in the Rybnovsky district there is the following structure of the general education system: 15 secondary schools (1 - basic, 2 - basic, 12 - independent educational institutions, with 2 basic schools 2 branches), 3 institutions of additional education. The state of the education system of the Rybnovsky municipal district is currently characterized by the following indicators: Class occupancy in 2014 was 16.32 Number of students per teacher 12.44 There are 3036 students studying in general education schools, which is 112 more people compared to 2013 (over 4 years the contingent students increased by 285 people). Pedagogical potential. In order to improve the qualifications of teaching staff, professional master classes, competitions, festivals for teachers and educators, and internship sites are held annually in the region. In order to attract young specialists to the field of education, increase the prestige and social significance of the teaching profession in the region, the following measures were implemented: - incentive payments are provided for wages for young specialists in the amount of 1,500 rubles (graduates from secondary vocational education institutions), 2,000 rubles (graduates from higher vocational institutions education) with up to 3 years of experience. — a one-time payment of 10,000 rubles to young specialists hired as teaching staff in municipal educational organizations. Support for gifted children. In 2014, the municipal stage of the All-Russian Olympiad for schoolchildren was held in 19 subjects. 324 gifted children from 13 secondary schools in the region took part in the Olympiads. 110 gifted schoolchildren became winners and prize-winners of the municipal stage of the Olympics. Including winners – 47 people, prize-winners – 63 people. The winners were awarded Diplomas and valuable gifts in a festive atmosphere. The winners and runners-up of the municipal stage, who have passed the qualifying round, represent our district at the regional level in 9 subjects. 12 school and university students became scholarship holders of the head of the Administration and received personal scholarships in the amount of 4,000 rubles. Forming the foundations of a healthy lifestyle in schoolchildren is one of the priority areas of work. A system of work has been created to organize the school and municipal stages of the “Presidential Competition” competition for schoolchildren. 15 educational institutions annually work in this direction. The most productive team at the end of 2013-2014. became a team of schoolchildren from the MBOU "Kostinskaya Secondary School" (director Elena Ivanovna Kudinova, (physical education teacher Alexander Valentinovich Marukov). In 2014, the team from the MBOU "Kostinskaya Secondary School" repeated the result of 2013, becoming the winner of the regional stage and winning the right to go to the All-Russian competition in Anapa in September 2014. The team of the Rybnovsky municipal district “Serving the Fatherland” took part in the regional social and patriotic event “Pre-Conscript Day”, taking 3rd place out of 32 teams (leader A.A. Ukolov) On September 24, 2014, the Action Plan for the phased implementation of the All-Russian physical culture and sports complex “Ready for Labor and Defense” (GTO) for 2014-2017 was approved." Approbation of the complex’s activities takes place on the basis of the Municipal Budgetary Educational Institution "Kostin Secondary School". On the basis of the traveling battalion of military unit 01855, 5-day training camps are held for 10th grade students.
Sport
The number of people involved in physical culture and sports in the region is more than 6.3 thousand people, which is more than 17% of the population of the Rybnovsky district. The main sports in the area are still horse riding, football and basketball. In connection with the construction of the FSK "Zvezda", these include swimming, rhythmic gymnastics and judo. In 2014, 16 Championships and championships, 12 Cup tournaments, 1 Spartakiad and other competitions were held, in which more than 2,000 athletes took part. Traditionally, such mass sports holidays are held as farewell to the Russian winter, athletes' day, and the opening and closing of the summer sports season. For the second time, the All-Russian running day “Cross of the Nation 2013” was held in the town of Rybnoye, in which more than 300 runners took part. The most popular and spectacular sporting event in the region is the Ryazan Region Open Half Marathon Championship and the All-Russian Yeseninsky Athletics Run Rybnoye-Konstantinovo. About 200 athletes from different regions of Russia took part in it. Also in the district in 2014, competitions were held as part of the “Presidential Sports Games” and “Presidential Competitions” programs, in which 13 schools and about 200 students took part. Kostinskaya Secondary School won. Representing the district at the regional level, she took first place. Social infrastructure
Residents of the district are provided with social, communal and household services. In the city of Rybnoye there is the Rybnovsky territorial department of the Ministry of Social Protection of the Population of the Ryazan Region, 3 departments of social assistance at home and the psychological and pedagogical department of family and children, the service “Mobile Brigade”, the service of “Local Social Coordinators” at the territorial department of the Ministry of Social Protection of the Population of the Ryazan Region areas. There is a wide network of trade and catering establishments. Trade services to the population are provided by 9 department stores, 4 specialized food stores, 12 specialized non-food stores, 80 non-specialized food stores, 38 non-specialized non-food stores, 22 non-specialized stores with a mixed assortment, 32 pavilions, 7 tents, 6 pharmacy kiosks and points, 45 public enterprises food (restaurants “Russian story”, “Golden Horseshoe”, 22 cafes, 4 bars, 1 canteen, 3 snack bars). The total number of seats in public catering establishments is 2,234, of which 1,395 are seats in public catering establishments. The provision of seats in the public network is 38 seats per 1000 people, which is 4 seats more than the regional average. Retail trade is represented by the Dixie, Bars, Magnit, Pyaterochka, Stroika, and Eleks supermarket chains. 72 enterprises provide consumer services to the population. Housing and communal services are provided by Vodokanal LLC, Rybnovsky Communal Systems LLC, Ecological and Communal Organization LLC, Management Company Our House LLC, Housing Manager LLC. Residents of the region personally own over 13 thousand vehicles. In the summer, residents of the area have the opportunity to relax on the picturesque banks of the Oka and Vozha rivers and artificial reservoirs.
Communications, media
There is one central telephone exchange, one railway and 12 rural automatic stations in the region. A subscriber digital concentrator is connected in the village of Shekhmino. All stations have access to international traffic and access to the Internet computer network.
In 2011, an additional fiber-optic communication line with a length of 7,630 m was laid in the region, which made it possible to bring the quality of the provided communication services closer to the standards of the capital’s level.
Since April 1965, the regional newspaper “Priokskaya Nov” has been published in Rybnoye.
Culture, education, social life
In the municipal formation - Rybnovsky municipal district there are:
- MBUK "Rybnovsky Club Association", numbering 25 club institutions with a total number of seats - 2948;
- MBUK "Central Library of the Rybnovsky Municipal District of the Ryazan Region", which includes the central, central children's library, 24 rural libraries;
— MBUK “City Cultural and Leisure Center”, which includes the head cultural institution of the State Cultural Center, the socio-cultural center, the Khodyninsky City Palace of Culture, the city library at the SCC, the Khodyninsky city library;
— MBUK “Seletsk Rural Cultural and Leisure Center”, which includes Seletsk SDK and Seletsk Rural Library;
— 3 schools of additional education for children (MBOU kindergarten "Rybnovskaya Children's School", MBOU kindergarten "Bagramovskaya Children's School", MBOU kindergarten "Churilkovskaya Children's School") with a number of students - 603 people;
— 3 museums (MBUK “Rybnovsky District Museum of Local Lore”, MBUK “Pirogov House Museum”, MBUK IMTK “Museum of Defense and Logistics”), with more than 8,000 storage units.
The pride of the Rybnovsky district is the State Autonomous Institution “State Museum-Reserve of S.A. Yesenin", which was opened on October 2, 1965 in his homeland in the village. Konstantinovo. The museum-reserve lives an interesting full-blooded life. Since 1985 in the village. Konstantinovo hosts crowded festivals of Yesenin's poetry, dedicated to the poet's birthday - October 3.
The Novoselsky Folk Culture Center traditionally opened its doors, welcoming participants of the concert program and guests of the 19th folk song festival of the Pirogov brothers. The holiday, which has become the hallmark of the village, attracts many guests from nearby regions and districts of the Ryazan region. Exhibitions of works by masters of arts and crafts, games, interactive and animation programs create the atmosphere of the Novoselki village of the late 19th – early 20th centuries. The main part of the celebration - the concert program “And while Russia is alive, the Russian song is alive”, takes place on the stage of the Novoselsky Central Scientific Committee. A regular participant in the holiday is Yaroslav Alekseevich Pirogov.
Through the administration of the Rybnovsky municipal district, its structural divisions, with the support of the regional committee for culture and tourism, the “Battle of the Vozha” holiday was organized and held in the village. Glebovo-Gorodishche, dedicated to the 634th anniversary of the famous victory in the battle of the Russians with the Mongol-Tatars on the river. Vozhe. The cultural institutions of the region proudly presented their best songs, dances, products of masters of decorative and applied arts, and works glorifying the valor of the Russian warrior to the judgment of numerous spectators. The motto of the holiday was the words “I remember! I'm proud!".
In order to preserve the original folk culture, folk holidays are held: Christmas carols and festivities, Epiphany evenings, festivities on Maslenitsa, a folk holiday on the day of the Holy Trinity, Honey and Apple Spas, Dormition. In the cultural institutions of the district and the city of Rybnoye, the already traditional Village Days, Days of Small Villages, the Russian Birch Festival, the Ivan Kupala and Peter and Paul holidays, and Railwayman's Day are held. The annual holiday in the village is of interest to area residents. Poshupovo, dedicated to the memory of the famous Rybnovsky poet A.N. Arkhipova.
The bright events of the year were: the youth tourism festival “On Potatoes!”, the gastronomic festival “Life of Raspberries”, the regional amateur art show “It’s not for nothing that all Russia remembers...”.
The district's museums do a lot of work to preserve the cultural heritage of the region, the moral and patriotic traditions of the Russian people. In 2012, educational interactive programs, which had already become popular, were actively used in museum practice. The Rybnovsky Museum of Local Lore regularly conducts excursions for visitors, local history lessons, lectures, and conversations on the topics: “Noble fellow countrymen”, “Heroes of the Rybnovsky land”, “Battle of the Vozha”, “Great mothers of the Rybnovsky land”, “Culture and science of the Rybnovsky region” . In 2012, the Museum of Defense and Logistics opened the exhibition “D.M. Garmash is a woman of her era,” dedicated to the 70th anniversary of the labor feat of Ryazan tractor drivers during the Great Patriotic War.
The modernization of rural libraries in the region continues, in particular, through the creation of their model samples. In total, there are 8 model libraries in the region that have an optimal standard set of material and information resources.
In December 2012, the 10th anniversary of the opening of the Konstantinovskaya Model Rural Library was solemnly celebrated.
Rybnovsky district is rich in historical and architectural monuments. In the village In Poshupovo there is a unique architectural monument founded in the 11th-12th centuries - St. John the Theologian Monastery. This is a large architectural complex that includes monuments from the 17th-19th centuries. Among the monastery buildings, the church, rectory and belfry are well preserved. During restoration work, interesting frescoes from the 17th century were discovered on the holy gates of the monastery. The monastery has preserved a holy spring - a stream with healing water.
The network of municipal educational institutions of the Rybnovsky municipal district includes 9 preschool educational institutions; 15 secondary schools: 1 basic, 2 basic, 12 independent; 3 institutions of additional education for children. In addition, in the district there are: Rybnovskaya Secondary Educational Boarding School for Orphans and Children Without Parental Care, Kostinskaya Special (Correctional) Boarding School, 2 non-state kindergartens, Railway College Ryazan".
Fish (Rybnoye)
Sights of Rybny
There are very few places of interest for tourists on the territory of the village of Rybnoye. First of all, it is a local history museum
. The central exhibition here is dedicated to the battle of Dmitry Donskoy with the Mongol-Tatars on the Vozha River in 1378, where the Moscow prince won.
Also in the museum you can get acquainted with peasant and middle-class life and famous natives of the city.
Another interesting place is the Museum of the Beekeeping Research Institute
. Here you can visit exhibitions dedicated to beekeeping in Rus' and other countries, see hives of different designs, learn about the benefits of beekeeping products and, of course, taste different varieties of aromatic and healing honey.
a St. Nicholas Church in Rybnoye
with an interesting story. The Ryazan Trinity Monastery exiled monks to Rybnoe for offenses, who were obliged to catch a certain amount of fish for the monastery, which lived in abundance in local rivers.
The monks built huts from branches for their living, and nearby they erected a chapel for prayer, where they placed an icon of St. Nicholas the Wonderworker. By the beginning of the 17th century, a temple was built on the site of the chapel - St. Nicholas Church.
The first wooden church in honor of St. Nicholas was wooden. In the middle of the 19th century it was destroyed by fire, but a couple of decades later it was restored. During the Soviet years, the church was closed and destroyed, but was rebuilt by the residents of Rybnoye at the end of the 20th century.
Another unusual local temple is the wooden Kazan Church
, which was built several years ago and is located in a neighborhood of private houses.
This is where the attractions of Rybnoye end and the most interesting thing begins - a journey through the Rybnovsky district, which is simply a scattering of amazing and unusual places. The most attractive of them, of course, is the village of Konstantinovo on the Oka
, where the famous poet Sergei Yesenin was born.
The village still has a very colorful appearance; here is the house where Sergei Alexandrovich was born, his school, as well as a noble estate, where the museum of the poem “Anna Snegina” is now located. The view of the Oka from the high bank is very picturesque.
Not far from Konstantinov there is a railway station-museum Divovo
, where Sergei Yesenin left for Moscow and where he returned home. They say he walked from here to Konstantinov. Today, a monument to the poet has been erected at the station and a small museum has been opened.
4 kilometers from the station in the village of Divovo there is the world’s only research institute of horse breeding
, at which the museum is open.
Here you can get acquainted with horse breeds, ride a horse and even try kumis - mare's milk. The excursion must be arranged in advance.
Another attraction of Divovo is the minaret
XIX century, which was once part of the estate of the landowner Nikolai Divov.
During his military service, Divov visited Constantinople and was so impressed by the architecture of this city that he wanted to build something similar near Ryazan.
In the village of Letovo, Rybnovsky district, there is the Church of Cosmas and Damian
, which dates back to the 17th century, but received its modern appearance at the beginning of the 20th century, when it was rebuilt at the expense of the Yaroslavl tradesman Ignatius Verevkin.
The temple closed in 1937, but in the mid-40s of the 20th century services resumed, thanks to which the church was perfectly preserved.
Not far from Rybnoye in the village of Bagramovo there is a museum of defense and logistics.
. The central place in it is occupied by an exhibition dedicated to the famous tractor driver Daria Garmash.
Also here you can get acquainted with the history of Bagramovo and see a collection of agricultural machinery.
On the banks of the Oka in the village of Kostino there is an interesting landmark - what was once the beautiful estate of the Nikitinskys
.
The beautiful snow-white building even survived the revolution, but was destroyed by fire in 1998. Today, the remains of the estate and the landscape complex around it are objects of cultural heritage.
Next door in the village of Poshupovo is the St. John the Theologian Monastery
, which dates back to the 12th century.
The monastery houses the relics of many saints, and also houses a unique library with valuable pre-revolutionary publications and rare manuscripts.
Poshupovo is also famous for its holy spring
, the water in which has healing properties. Near the source there is a font and a chapel.
Another attraction of the village is the clay toy museum.
artists Ivanov. Traditionally, Shupov toys are animals: mice, cats, dogs.
They are made from local unique clay, very plastic and incredible colors. Bricks were made from it for the St. John the Theologian Monastery.
In the neighboring village of Novoselki there is a Pirogov Museum
- natives of these places, famous opera singers, stars of the Bolshoi Theater.
The brothers' personal belongings are collected here, as well as the domestic environment of the late 19th and early 20th centuries. According to experts, the talent of the Pirogov brothers remains unsurpassed.
