Aksay (Rostov region) sights and history of the city

Aksai

, a city in Russia, the administrative center of the Aksai urban settlement and district of the Rostov region, within the Aksai deanery of the Rostov-on-Don diocese. Located on the steep right bank of the river bend. Don, at the confluence of the river. Aksai (Don sleeve). An industrial satellite city 16 km from Rostov-on-Don. Railway station of the North Caucasus Railway. Pier on the Don River. Near Aksay there is a bypass highway that goes around Rostov-on-Don from the east. Population - 45.1 thousand people. (2018)

• On the map: Yandex.Map, Google map

According to legend, on the slopes of the Kobyakova Balka in the Kobyakov settlement in 1185, in the camp of the Polovtsian Khan Kobyak, the captive Novgorod-Seversk prince Igor Svyatoslavovich, the hero of “The Tale of Igor’s Campaign,” languished.

Aksai was founded by the Don Cossacks in the second half of the 16th century as a town. First mentioned in 1569 as the village of Ust-Aksai

.

During the Azov campaigns of 1695-1696 by Peter I and subsequently in the fight against the Turks for Russia’s access to the southern seas, the village served as a guard post controlling the approaches to Cherkassk - at that time the center of the Don Army Region. In the 18th century, there was a system of earthen fortifications connected by underground passages and equipped with warehouses with food and weapons supplies. In the winter of 1783/84, A.V. was in the Ust-Aksai camp. Suvorov, commander of the Kuban Corps.

Until the 18th century, the town changed a number of names: Nizhnie Razdory

(discord - the confluence of two rivers and the land between them);
Kobyakovsky
(Kobyak is a Tatar personal name);
Atamansky
,
Nizhny
.

In 1720-1740, a royal and then a customs outpost was located on Aksai land.

In 1742 it was mapped as Ust-Aksai Stan

, where Aksai is “white sai” (sai is a Turkic word for “dry bed, ravine, stream in a ravine, river”).

In 1768, the first wooden Trinity Church with a chapel in honor of St. Nicholas the Wonderworker was built in Aksai. A little later, in 1783, on the site of the previous dilapidated one, a new stone church was founded. The main organizer of the new church was Father Vasily Petrov. Trinity Church was demolished in 1937. Now at this place there is the Walk of Fame of Heroes - Aksay residents.

Since 1791 - the village of Aksai

.

At the turn of the 19th century, the Aksai village was home to more than 5 thousand indigenous people and more than 2 thousand non-residents, there were 5 schools, a nautical class, three churches, 8 mills, one glass mill, 2 candle factories, 2 pottery factories and 7 fish factories.

In Aksai, narrow, stone-paved streets descend to the banks of the Don, and small bridges span the ravines. The main streets are lined with one- and two-story classicist houses from the 1st half of the 19th century with three windows on the main façade and side galleries.

The village of Aksayskaya developed rapidly and by the end of the first quarter of the 19th century it became one of the largest and most prosperous villages in the land of the Don Army.

The economic development of the Aksai village reaches its heyday in 1860-1863, when from Grushevsky copies (now the city of Shakhty) to the station. Aksai built the first railway on the Don. On January 1, 1864, railway traffic opened

Among the architectural monuments: the postal caretaker's house and postal station (19th century, classicism), Hodegetrievskaya Church (1897) in the Russian-Byzantine style.

On July 1, 1924, the Aksai rural district was formed with its center in the city of Nakhichevan-on-Don.

During the Great Patriotic War, the village was occupied by Nazi troops from November 21 to 29, 1941.

In 1957, the village of Aksai was transformed into the city of Aksai

.

In 1963, the Aksai district was abolished, and its territory was transferred to the Azov region. In 1965, after the change of the country's top leadership, the Aksai region was restored to its former borders.

The city has a local history museum, the Chemical Product Production Association, a canning factory, a glass factory, etc. A repair and operational base for the Volga-Don River Shipping Company fleet.

Historical reference

• The year of foundation of the city is considered to be 1570 - it was to this year that its first written mention in chronicles dates back to: a meeting between Turkish representatives and the Russian ambassador Novosiltsev took place at this place.
• In 1734, the outpost at Ust-Oksai was mentioned in a chronicle listing the royal outposts around the center of the Don Army - Cherkassk (Starocherkasskaya).
• In 1783 the Trinity Church was founded. In 1786 - Triumphal Gate.
• In 1797, it was decided to rename the settlement the Ust-Aksai village. The prefix was soon removed from the name.
• In the 1850s, nautical classes were opened in the village of Aksayskaya. 1854-1855 (Crimean War) - the years of the founding of the rowing flotilla.
• In 1868, the railway connecting the coal mines in the modern city of Shakhty with the country's railway network was extended to Rostov-on-Don and Aksai.
• In 1957, the city of Aksai officially appeared on the map of Russia for the first time. In 1965, it became the center of the Aksai region.

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City of Azov

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Routes on the map of Aksay. Transport infrastructure

Aksai occupies an important place on the transport map of Russia - the Federal Highway M4 "Don" , connecting Moscow with Voronezh, Rostov-on-Don, Krasnodar, Novorossiysk.

Almost all regional and regional highways connecting Rostov-on-Don with the southwestern settlements of the region also pass through Aksai.

The city is connected by regular bus services to all settlements of the Aksai region, major cities of the region, and Rostov-on-Don.

Suburban passenger trains (including electric trains) have a stop at the Aksai railway station (Aksai, Naberezhnaya, 2). The city also has the Steklo railway station. Long-distance trains do not have stops in Aksai.

There are three berths in Aksai, which are not currently operational.

Links[edit]

Notes[edit]

1. ^ abcdefgh Law No. 340-ZS
2. ^ abcdefgh Encyclopedia of Russian Cities
   . Moscow: Great Russian Encyclopedia. 2003. p. 15. ISBN 5-7107-7399-9.
3. ^ a b Federal State Statistics Service (2011). “All-Russian Population Census 2010. Volume 1" [All-Russian Population Census 2010, vol. 1]. All-Russian Population Census 2010 [All-Russian Population Census 2010]
   . Federal State Statistics Service.
4. "26. The size of the permanent population of the Russian Federation by municipalities as of January 1, 2022". Federal State Statistics Service. Retrieved January 23, 2022.
5. ^ abcde Law No. 240-ZS
6. "On the Calculation of Time". Official Internet portal of legal information
   . June 3, 2011. Retrieved January 19, 2022.
7. Post office. Information and computing center of OASU RPO. ( Post office
   ).
   Search for postal service objects ( postal Search for objects
   ) (in Russian)
8. ↑
   Federal State Statistics Service of Russia (May 21, 2004).
   “The population of Russia, the constituent entities of the Russian Federation as part of federal districts, urban settlements, settlements, settlements of 3 thousand or more people” [Population of Russia, its federal districts, federal districts, districts, urban settlements, rural settlements - administrative centers and rural settlements with a population of more than 3,000 people] (XLS). All-Russian Population Census 2002
   .
9. “All-Union Population Census of 1989. The current population of union and autonomous republics, autonomous regions and districts, territories, negative phenomena, urban settlements and rural district centers” [All-Union Population Census of 1989: current population of union and autonomous republics, Autonomous regions and districts , territories, regions, districts, towns and villages performing the functions of district administrative centers. All-Union Population Census of 1989 [All-Union Population Census of 1989]
   .
   Institute of Demography of the National Research University: Higher School of Economics [Institute of Demography of the National Research University: Higher School of Economics]. 1989 - via Demoscope Weekly
   .
10. Sights of Aksay

Sights of Aksay

• Museum complex "Customs Outpost" - contains exhibits of everyday life, maps, manuscripts, images of weapons of customs officers of the 18th century.
• Museum "Post Station 19th Century".
• Temple of the Icon of the Mother of God "Hodegetria".
• “Suvorov's House” is a military history museum, exhibits from the mid-20th century.
• Military-historical museum of the city of Aksay . The exhibition includes Soviet and Russian equipment, tunnels, and the underground command post of the SKO.
• Underground passage system.

Deputies of the Assembly of Deputies of the Aksai urban settlement

Aksai

Main streets on the map of Aksay

• Sadovaya street . It runs through the center of Aksay, bordering the street. Cossack and Ave. Lenin. On the street On Sadovaya there are many green areas and the Aksai city cemetery.
• Lenin Avenue . Intersects with the street. Sadovaya, Aksaisky Avenue. Here is the Aksai Central District Hospital, the Old City Cemetery, and the Aksai Market.
• Lunacharsky Street . Located in the south of Aksay, it intersects with Tolpinsky, Sovetskaya, Oktyabrskaya streets.
• Chapaeva street. On the map of Aksay with houses you can see here the MFC, the Pension Fund, and the “Zdravitsa” sanatorium.
• Western street . Part of the M-4 Don highway runs along it, and has access to the Aksai Bridge on one side and the Novocherkassk Highway on the other. There are many green areas, an industrial zone, and the LEDAX sports complex.

Aksai

Aksai is a small town near Rostov-on-Don. No wonder it is called the bedroom of “Rostov-papa” and compared to Khimki near Moscow. It's just a stone's throw from one city to another. It’s only 16 kilometers, but this path runs along a busy federal highway to the Black Sea. Rush hour is around the clock here. Not only are cars from Central Russia rushing to the sea, but Mega and Auchan were recently built at the transport interchange. The entire Rostov region comes here for food and clothing.

Stroll the city streets using Google Panoramas

However, Aksay residents do not grumble about roadside dust, but open roadside cafes for travelers. Those who are more cunning run these cafes, those who are simpler work there. Cooks from roadside cafes earn only 7 thousand, while the average income of an Aksay resident, according to the city administration, is 23 thousand 600 rubles. Why are food service workers paid so little? Maybe they expect them to eat and steal food? Or maybe the city administration is confusing something with average earnings. The cuisine in roadside cafes is very different, to suit every taste and budget. The most exquisite dishes can cost up to 500 rubles (the chef’s salary is enough to eat as many as 6 times).

Winter Aksai. Photo by Tatyana (https://fotki.yandex.ru/users/rabota-krd)

The name Aksai comes from the Turkic “Akso” - white water. The city stands on the river of the same name, at its confluence with the Don. The first settlements appeared here before our era. Aksai attracts adventurers and ancient civilizations. For example, on the territory of the city there is a Kopikovo settlement, it is more than 3000 years old. This site could become a magnet for thousands of tourists, but now it is just dug up hills. And only a person with a very rich imagination can imagine how people lived here 3 thousand years ago.

Now people in Aksai live differently. The city consists of two parts - old and new. In one there are old Cossack kurens with a view of the Don and country roads, but in the new Aksai there are newly built high-rise buildings.

Once upon a time, Aksai could have become the capital of the Don Cossacks, but the city was not destined to unite the south of Russia. Despite the fact that this place was never flooded during the flooding of the Don, unlike Cherkassk, the Cossacks changed their minds about moving the capital here. The Aksai village was too close to the Turkish border, where it was quite restless.

Now the city is very far from the Turkish border. And where the Cossacks used to be trained, there is now an ice palace, built quite recently. The new hockey school took the issue of personnel very seriously. A coach from abroad, Vladimir Gavrilov from Kazakhstan, was invited especially for young hockey players. It is he who is now raising new Kovalchuk, Ovechkin and Malkin. Children, as in the best Soviet years, play hockey in Aksai completely free of charge. Adults also look up to little hockey players. The city already has several amateur teams that play each other in the evenings.

In addition to hockey, Aksay residents love to go into dungeons, fortunately there are plenty of them in the outskirts of the city. The favorite place of Rostov stalkers is Mukhina Balka. Here, in the middle of the last century, a shelter was dug in case of nuclear war for the headquarters of the North Caucasus Military District. Tourists regularly visit the Aksai dungeons. At one time, they were looking for Scythian gold and a monster that destroyed livestock. Haven't found anything yet. According to legend, in 1953 a huge monster killed a military detachment. The young people went down into the dungeon to investigate and never saw the white light again. There are no documented facts about the existence of the monster, but it is known for certain that Satanists used to gather in the dungeons until stalkers kicked them out and destroyed their altar.

Alley of Heroes in Aksai. Photo by Larisa Avdonina (https://fotki.yandex.ru/users/avdonina-lara2014)

Among the real horrors that took place near Aksai, one can highlight the story of the murder of the family of special forces soldier Dmitry Chudakov. His Zhiguli, model fifteen, with bullet holes in the windows, was found early in the morning of July 8, 2009, on the side of the M-4 Don highway. The car was shot from both sides with a Saiga, and then the lieutenant colonel's wife and two children were finished off with knives. Perhaps the military family became victims of a banal robbery. Maybe the military officer was being taken revenge for something. Otherwise the city is quite calm. There are not even interethnic conflicts between Russians and Caucasians.

Housing in the city, for its size, is quite expensive. A square meter costs 38,600 or more. It turns out that a one-room apartment costs about two million rubles. Two-room apartment - 2.5 million rubles.

There is no special work in the city; many locals work in Mega and Auchan. Even more residents go to work in Rostov-on-Don. The Aksai-Rostov-on-Don minibus costs 17 rubles. The same situation applies to studies. In Aksai itself you can find work in construction, since they build high-rise buildings, cottages, and dachas.

Aksai's status as a Rostov sleeping bag is also strengthened by young people. Young people enter Rostov universities, and only go to their hometown on weekends to see their parents and take money from them.

Who might be interested in Aksai for relocation? Pensioners from Rostov and people who do not have enough money for real estate in the regional center.

Economy and industry of Aksay

In the structure of the city’s economy, 60% is the turnover of companies in the consumer market, 15% each is construction and industry, the rest is agriculture, transport and other areas.

80% of industrial production is represented by companies in the processing industry, mainly plastic and rubber products. 15% - metalworking and mechanical engineering enterprises, mainly engaged in the production of spare parts for agricultural machinery and ship repairs. 10% of industrial turnover comes from the production of non-metallic mineral products.